Examination of programmes of experimental work involving live animals indicates scope for worthwhile reduction in animal usage by identifying more clearly the objectives of the different stages of a programme. Having a defined first objective for new or transferred methodology as "to optimise the methods", rather than an exploratory "try it with a few animals and modify" approach, is more likel...

In this paper, using similar symbolical method of Burchnall and Chaundy formulas of expansion for the generalized hypergeometric function were constructed. By means of the found formulas of expansion the formulas of an analytic continuation for hypergeometric function of Clausen is defined. The obtained formulas of an analytic continuation express known hypergeometric Appell function F2 (a; b1,...

Formalisms based on stochastic Petri Nets (SPNs) can employ structural analysis to ensure that the underlying stochastic process is fully determined. The focus is on the detection of conflicts and confusions at the net level, but this might require to overspecify a given SPN model. The problem becomes even more critical when reward processes of interest derived from the basic underlying process...

Two approaches to determining the Earth’s external potential field by using GPS technique are proposed. The first one is that the relation between the geopotential difference and the light signal’s frequency shift, between two separated points, is applied. The second one is that the spherical harmonic expansion series and a new technique dealing with the “downward continuation” problem are appl...