BACKGROUND Retention in treatment is often highlighted as one of the key indicators of success in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT). AIMS To identify factors associated with long-term retention in opioid maintenance treatment and to analyse predictors of subsequent treatment episodes. METHODS Treatment retention and re-entry were examined for a national cohort of patients admitted to OMT i...

Many Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) have been developed to improve car safety. A Knowledge Base is indispensable for autonomous vehicles to perceive driving environments and understand traffic regulations. In this paper, we introduce an ontology-based Knowledge Base, which contains maps and traffic regulations. By accessing to the Knowledge Base, the intelligent vehicles can aware ov...

The reduction in vehicle exhaust emissions achieved in the last two decades is offset by the growth in traffic, as well as by changes in the composition of emitted pollutants. The present investigation illustrates the emissions of in-use gasoline and diesel passenger cars using the official European driving cycle and the ARTEMIS real-world driving cycle. It was observed that some of the vehicle...

PURPOSE The greatly increased risk of being killed or injured in a car crash for the young novice driver has been recognised in the road safety and injury prevention literature for decades. Risky driving behaviour has consistently been found to contribute to traffic crashes. Researchers have devised a number of instruments to measure this risky driving behaviour. One tool developed specifically...

Offenders often claim to have committed their crimes in a dissociative state and some allege amnesia for their criminal actions. Although much research has examined dissociative and related phenomena, such as amnesia, in victims and witnesses to traumatic and criminal events, little research has investigated dissociation in incarcerated offenders, particularly in relation to their offences. The...

Using original French panel data, this paper investigates the relevance of the broken windows theory in case of an offence category featured by the absence of monetary benefits. Estimates from random and fixed effects models highlight the deterrent effect of sanctions for rapes and minor sexual offences. The enforcement activity of rapes is the most deterrent factor both for rapes and other sex...

Most solution methods for the vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW) develop routes from the earliest feasible departure time. However, in practice, temporal traffic congestions make that such solutions are not optimal with respect to minimizing the total duty time. Furthermore, VRPTW solutions do not account for complex driving hours regulations, which severely restrict the daily tr...

Driving is often an emotive issue for patients after they have had a seizure. Driving prohibitions impact a patients’ social and economic status. It can be a thorny issue to broach with patients and can create animosity between medical professionals and patients, particularly when work has required driving. In surveys of patients with epilepsy, after the wish to be seizure-free, driving is li...