The present study deals with the formulation and evaluation of chitosan nanoparticles containing donepezil hydrochloride for the targeted delivery to the brain. Nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation method using sodium tripolyphos-phate (TPP) as a cross linking agent followed by sonication. Nanoparticles were obtained in the average size ranging from 116.8 to 227.5 nm. Particle m...

In this article, the authors discuss the value of international health in advancing the nursing profession through the development of strong leadership in the area of drug demand reduction. Paradigms for nursing leadership are briefly reviewed and linked to the development of the "International Nursing Leadership Institutes" organized by the Inter-American Commission for the Control of Drug Abu...

The emergence of compensatory mutations in the polymerase gene of drug resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV) is associated with treatment failure. We previously identified a multi-drug resistant HBV mutant, which displayed resistance towards lamivudine (LMV), clevudine (CLV), and entecavir (ETV), along with a strong replication capacity. The aim of this study was to identify the previously unknown ...

Introduction This paper addresses two overlapping questions: Do addicts have the capacity to voluntarily quit drugs? And do individuals knowingly pursue courses of action that they realize are bad for them, such as excessive drug use? Methods I propose two testable versions of free will. First, the observation that activities differ in the degree to which they are susceptible to the influence...

The pathophysiology of akathisia still remains controversial. Iron deficiency was proposed to be an important factor in the development of akathisia. In the present study, it was aimed to compare levels of serum iron and linked variables in chronic akathisic (n=30), and non-akathisic patients (n=30) with schizophrenia and healthy controls (n=30) because of the controversy in the association of ...

The development and design of the biocompatible and biodegradable thermodynamically stable micellar and microemulsion transparent dispersions to reduce the free and unbounded drugs concentration in the blood is a basic challenge in field of drug efficacy and bioavailability of drugs. In the current work, solubilization capacity of the drug (Tocopherol), oil (Ethyl Butyrate), and oil+drug (1:1 m...

biodegradable nanoparticulate carriers, have important potential applications for administration of therapeutic molecules. chitosan based nanoparticles have attracted a lot of attention upon their biological properties such as biodegradability, biocom-patibility and bioadhesivity. the aim of the present investigation was to describe the synthesis and characterization of novel biodegradable nano...

Objective: The purpose of this work was design and performance investigation of a nanocarrier based on magnetic nanofibers containing core-shell nanostructuresfor anticancerdrug delivery of daunorubicin (DAN) by measuring their drug release at different pH values. Methods: Fe3O4 nanoparticles and Fe3O4@SiO2core-shell nanostructures were synthesized through coprecipitation and Stöber methodresp...

We show how to compute or at least to estimate various capacity-related quantities for bosonic Gaussian channels. Among these are the coherent information, the entanglement-assisted classical capacity, the one-shot classical capacity, and a quantity involving the transpose operation, shown to be a general upper bound on the quantum capacity, even allowing for finite errors. All bounds are expli...