In a multi-party video conference, multiple users simultaneously distribute videos to their receivers. While pure server-based solutions are expensive, users in the conference alone may not have sufficient upload bandwidth to sustain the multiplied streaming workload in a pure P2P fashion. Recently proposed hybrid solutions employ helpers to address the bandwidth deficiency in P2P video confere...

We consider swarms formed by populations of self-propelled particles with attractive long-range interactions. These swarms represent multistable dynamical systems and can be found either in coherent traveling states or in an incoherent oscillatory state where translational motion of the entire swarm is absent. Under increasing the noise intensity, the coherent traveling state of the swarms is d...

Introduction The narrow-leaved cattail wetland (Hopfensperger and Engelhardt 2007) known as Dyke Marsh formally became a land holding of George Washington Memorial Parkway (GWMP, a unit of the national park system) in 1959, along with a congressional directive to honor a newly-let 30-year commercial sand and gravel dredge-mining lease at the site (Litwin et al. 2013; Figure 1). Dredging continu...

Ignimbrites within calderas host intrusions with hazardous and/or economically significant hydrothermal systems. The Hvítserkur ignimbrite at Breiðuvík caldera, north-eastern Iceland, is intruded by basaltic dykes. Our data show that the immediately adjacent to dyke hard, dark-coloured, recrystallised quartz, plagioclase, and alkali feldspar a low permeability porosity frequent macrofractures. ...

Much effort has been devoted to the study of swarming and collective navigation of micro-organisms, insects, fish, birds and other organisms, as well as multi-agent simulations and to the study of real robots. It is well known that insect swarms can carry cargo. The studies here are motivated by a less well-known phenomenon: cargo transport by bacteria swarms. We begin with a concise review of ...

Soldier crabs Mictyris guinotae exhibit pronounced swarming behaviour. The swarms of the crabs tolerant of perturbations. In computer models and laboratory experiments we demonstrate that swarms of soldier crabs can implement logical gates when placed in a geometrically constrained

Biological swarms are collections of many independent agents who are motivated to remain clustered in a large group. The motion of swarms, then, is complex, with the influence if independent members within a coherent structure of the group. We investigated whether human perception of biological swarms was sensitive to this internal complexity of the group motion, as has been observed for biolog...

In this paper, we show a survey of meta-heuristics algorithms based on grouping of animals by social behavior for the Traveling Salesman Problem, and propose a new classification of meta-heuristics algorithms (not based on swarm intelligence theory) based on grouping of animals: swarm algorithms, schools algorithms, flocks algorithms and herds algorithms: a) The swarm algorithms (inspired by th...

The M and S molecular forms of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto Giles are thought to be reproductively isolated through premating barriers. However, the exact mechanisms of recognition of conspecific partners are unknown. Because mating in An. gambiae occurs in swarms, one might expect swarming behavior between the M and S forms to be different and that this probably reduces the risk of contact ...