We use conventional and multispeckle dynamic light scattering to investigate the dynamics of a wide variety of jammed soft materials, including colloidal gels, concentrated emulsions, and concentrated surfactant phases. For all systems, the dynamic structure factor f(q,t) exhibits a two-step decay. The initial decay is due to the thermally activated diffusive motion of the scatterers, as indica...

Many chemical engineering systems are described by differential equations. Their optimization is often complicated by the presence of nonconvexities. A deterministic spatial branch and bound global optimization algorithm is presented for problems with a set of first-order differential equations in the constraints. The global minimum is approached from above and below by generating converging se...

This paper analyses the shape effect on the tensile strength of axisymmetric rock specimens by an improved adaptive dynamic relaxation method. It is shown that the present approach is convenient and &cient. Numerical results for spheroidal specimens with different shapes reveal the variation of stress distributions along the loading axes and suggest that loading along the shorter principal axis...

Tensegrity structures are spatial reticulated structures composed of cables and struts. Tensegrity systems are good candidates for adaptive and deployable structures and thus have applications in various engineering fields. A “hollow-rope” tensegrity system composed of tensegrity-ring modules has been demonstrated by the authors to be a viable system for a pedestrian bridge. This paper focuses ...

The choice network revenue management model incorporates customer purchase probabilities as a function of the offered products, and is the appropriate model for airline and hotel network revenue management, dynamic sales of bundles, and dynamic assortment optimization. The optimization problem is a stochastic dynamic program and is intractable; a linear programming approximation called choice d...

Supercooled liquids are proposed to be dynamically heterogeneous, with regions exhibiting relaxation time scales that vary in space and time. Measurement of the distribution of such time scales could be an important test of various proposed theories of vitrification. Single molecule fluorescence experiments attempt to uncover this distribution, typically by embedding single molecule probes into...

In this paper, analysis for the propagation of general anisotropic media of finite thickness with two thermal relaxation times is studied. Expression of displacements, temperature, thermal stresses, and thermal gradient for most general anisotropic thermoelastic plates of finite thickness are obtained in the analysis. The calculation is then carried forward for slightly more specialized case of...

We postulated that primary motor cortex (M1) activity does not just decrease immediately prior to voluntary muscle relaxation; rather, it is dynamic and acts as an active cortical process. Thus we investigated the detailed time course of M1 excitability changes during muscle relaxation. Ten healthy participants performed a simple reaction time task. After the go signal, they rapidly terminated ...

In this paper, we focus on speeding up the temporal plan relaxation problem for dynamically controllable systems. We take a look at the current bestknown algorithm for determining dynamic controllability and augment it to efficiently generate conflicts when the network is deemed uncontrollable. Our work preserves the O(n) runtime of the best available dynamic controllability checker and improve...