Early adverse events have been associated with increased rates of substance abuse and depression. To investigate the association between early adverse events and comorbid substance abuse in schizophrenia patients, early life stress, depressive symptoms, positive and negative symptoms, anxiety, and cognitive function were measured in an age-, sex-, and race-matched sample of 40 schizophrenia pat...

BACKGROUND Early-life adversity is a risk for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but the impact at the neural level is less clear. AIMS To investigate the association between brain volumes and early-life adversity in individuals with a diagnosis of OCD only. METHOD The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28) was used to assess early-life adversity in 21 participants with OCD and 25 matche...

BACKGROUND Early life trauma, particularly child abuse, has been associated with aberrations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning in adulthood. However, the relationship of early abuse and later adult neuroendocrine changes may be moderated by additional factors such as comorbid psychopathology and recent life stress. Parental exposure to child abuse may have transgeneration...

Purpose: Following musculoskeletal trauma, a high proportion of people develop chronic pain, irrespective the severity injury. Central sensitisation (CS) characterised by features such as secondary hyperalgesia, tactile allodynia and widespread could offer an explanation to transition from acute pain. No study has evaluated early CS in this population. This exploratory aimed investigate CS, alo...

Trauma is the third leading cause of death in the U.S. Timely acute care anesthetic management of patients following traumatic injury may improve outcome. Recognition of highly-mortal injuries to the brain, heart, lungs, liver, and pelvis should guide trauma-specific management strategies. Rapid intraoperative treatment of life-threatening conditions following injury includes the use of 'contro...

INTRODUCTION Electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities in patients with blunt chest trauma are diverse and non-specific, but may be indicative of potentially life-threatening conditions. CASE PRESENTATION We report a rare case of pneumopericardium with extreme ECG abnormalities after blunt chest trauma in a 22-year-old male. The diagnosis was confirmed using computed tomography (CT) scanning. The...

Laryngotracheal trauma is a rare condition that accounts for less than 1% of blunt trauma. Laryngotracheal fractures are uncommon in sports, even in settings where athletes are more vulnerable, including football, basketball, and hockey. If a laryngeal injury is suspected, immediate evaluation is required to avoid a delay in the diagnosis of a potentially life-threatening injury. A collegiate b...

Early life stress is said to play a critical role in the development of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), but the underlying mediating factors remain uncertain. This study aimed to investigate self-reported childhood trauma, emotion regulation difficulties, and their associations in a sample of BPD (n = 49) and MDD (n = 48) patients and healthy control p...

Introduction: Vestibular rehabilitation is a treatment option for the management of vertigo and unsteadiness, which are very common in head trauma patients and more challenging in the early months after trauma. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a vestibular rehabilitation program in the recovery of acute and sub-acute head trauma patients. The goal of this study was evaluation of the ef...

BACKGROUND Injured trauma victims are at risk of developing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and other post-trauma psychopathology. So far, interventions using cognitive behavioral techniques (CBT) have proven most efficacious in treating early PTSD in highly symptomatic individuals. No early intervention for the prevention of PTSD for all victims has yet proven effective. In the acute psyc...