In a maximum sign assignment problem one is given an undirected graph and a set of signed source-target vertex pairs. The goal is to assign signs to the graph’s edges so that a maximum number of pairs admit a source-to-target path whose aggregate sign (product of its edge signs) equals the pair’s sign. This problem arises in the annotation of physical interaction networks with activation/repres...

The current consensus in exercise physiology is that the repeated bout effect always appears after few eccentric exercise sessions. This is the first attempt to challenge this tenet, by exploiting specificity in muscle plasticity. More specifically, we examined whether the opposing adaptations in muscle induced after concentric and eccentric exercise can attenuate and/or remove the repeated bou...

This study investigated whether the specific motor control strategy reported for eccentric muscle actions is dependent on muscle mechanical behavior. Motor evoked potentials, Hoffman reflex (H-reflex), fascicle length, pennation angle, and fascicle velocity of soleus muscle were compared between isometric and two eccentric conditions. Ten volunteers performed maximal plantarflexion trials in is...

The aim of this systematic review was to determine if eccentric exercise is superior to concentric exercise in stimulating gains in muscle strength and mass. Meta-analyses were performed for comparisons between eccentric and concentric training as means to improve muscle strength and mass. In order to determine the importance of different parameters of training, subgroup analyses of intensity o...

Torque steadiness and low-frequency fatigue (LFF) were examined in the human triceps brachii after concentric or eccentric fatigue protocols. Healthy young males (n=17) performed either concentric or eccentric elbow extensor contractions until the eccentric maximal voluntary torque decreased to 75% of pre-fatigue for both (concentric and eccentric) protocols. The number of concentric contractio...

BACKGROUND Because muscle fascicle behavior affects to the force-generating capability, understanding of muscle fascicle length changes during dynamic movements is important. Preactivation may affect the muscle fascicle length changes, especially in the case of eccentric contraction. However, its influence has not been clarified. To this end, muscle fascicle behavior during eccentric contractio...

To analyze the clinical significance of eccentric aortic regurgitation (AR) complicating the right coronary cusp prolapse associated with a ventricular septal defect (VSD), the Doppler echocardiograms of 129 patients were reviewed. In 102 patients, AR was classified as mild and in 27 patients it was classified as moderate. Eccentric AR was defined as the jet distributing in an eccentric directi...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether superior concentric performance could be achieved in the bench throw with the use of additional eccentric loads. Fourteen male subjects performed bench throws in a smith machine with an eccentric-concentric load of 40-kg (40-40), and 40-kg concentric with additional eccentric loads of 20 (60-40), 30 (70-40), and 40 kg (80-40). A linear position...

Genetic Programming (GP) is used to estimate the functions that describe the torque and the force acting on the external sphere due to steady state motion of viscoelastic fluid between two eccentric spheres. The GP has been running based on experimental data of the torque at different eccentricities to produce torque for each target eccentricity. The angular velocity of the inner sphere and the...