This report revises the use of the maximum energy recovery criterion as objective function for real-time optimisation of heat-exchanger networks. Though in general this criterion leads to minimum total heat exchanged in the service units, it is not sufficient to achieve the actual minimum operation cost. This analysis discusses the characteristics of the network structure for which the last sta...

Quality is a property of goods and services that determines the sustainability systems. Synergy bifurcation point are stages in evolutionary development society. Satisfaction with quality variant system stability. There dependence criterion on its size. The socio-economic manifested through result activities — it produces. current stage requires systems to have an organic structure. Informatiza...

The objective of this work is to try to define and calculate the optimal growth path, in the presence of exogenous technical change, without resorting to the discounted-sum criterion. The solution suggested is to consider an optimality criterion expressing an Allais-anonymous intergenerational consensus. The partial characterization of consensual optimality was made possible thanks to the decom...

This paper describes the development of a Grade Transition optimizer PathFinder that enables a high performance demand driven operation in the chemical process industry. The technology makes use of a dynamical rigorous model based optimization of an economic criterion along a grade change trajectory. An application on a large grade slate for a polyethylene gasphase reactor is discussed. Copyri...

We specify the Pitman-closeness criterion for the evaluation of multivariate forecasts in three categories. This is done closely to the definition of covariance adjustment techniques analysed in other articles. We also apply the Pitman-closeness techniques to an example dealing with German economic data.

Uric arthritis (gout) is a metabolic rheumatic diseases, which is as old as human race, with the characteristic epidemiological data, which differ with respect to climate, socio-economic life conditions and each population habits. Regardless the difference, clinical and laboratory parameters are always very similar and specific, so that their cognition and understanding, are the key criterion f...

This contribution deals firstly with the differences between market action and government action, and then explores the justification for government intervention based on concepts of economic efficiency and equity. The chapter then proceeds to discuss individual cases in which unregulated private market outcomes are generally considered to violate this criterion.

This study analyzes the available evidence on the adequacy of economic evaluation for decision-making on the incorporation or exclusion of technologies for rare diseases. The authors conducted a structured literature review in MEDLINE via PubMed, CRD, LILACS, SciELO, and Google Scholar (gray literature). Economic evaluation studies had their origins in Welfare Economics, in which individuals ma...

The obesity epidemic has far-reaching implications for the economic and health care future in the United States. Treatments that show reduction in health care costs over time should be approved and made available to as many patients as possible. It is our opinion that bariatric surgery meets this criterion. However, bariatric surgery cannot provide the impact necessary for reduction in health c...

This study developed a systematic decision-making process for water supply capacity expansion using the analytic hierarchy process. The decision-making criteria were categorized into environmental, economic, technical and socio-cultural aspects. Capacity expansion of three water resources (Kpong, Weija and Teshie plants) of Accra-Tema Metropolitan Area (Ghana) was studied as a test case. The re...