In chemotaxis of Escherichia coli and other bacteria, extracellular stimuli are perceived by transmembrane receptors that bind their ligands either directly, or indirectly through periplasmic-binding proteins (BPs). As BPs are also involved in ligand uptake, they provide a link between chemotaxis and nutrient utilization by cells. However, signalling by indirectly binding ligands remains much l...

INCLUDEDI N THE BIBLIOGRAPHY to this paper are several references that include listings of library consultants directly or indirectly related to library automation (Berry, Cibbarelli, Finnigan, International Microfilm Source Book, Kruzas, Special Libraries Association, Warnken, Wasserman). Beyond the more than 200 companies identified in them are uncounted numbers of individuals who serve as co...

The objective is to present coupled differential equations that relate the vocal tract shape to its eigenfrequencies. The shape of the vocal tract is described either directly by means of an area function model, or indirectly by means of an articulatory model. Some consequences of the formalism are discussed in relation to phonetic gestures or targets and the quantal principle of speech product...

due to special conditions of iran; i.e., neighboring to major centers of drug production in afghanistan during the last few decades, it was the passageway of the drug to europe. moreover, because of appropriate context of social, economic and cultural situations, there was an increased addiction and drug trafficking in iran. it is obvious that a lot of people would be involved directly and indi...

abstract hydatid disease is caused by echinococcus spp. especially echinococcus granulosus that is the most common cause of hydatid disease in humans. this disease occurs either through direct contact with infected dogs or indirectly from the ingestion of contaminated water or food with eggs of worms. the most common site in human is the liver (59-75%), followed in frequency by lung (27%), kidn...