In the die design of high pressure casting (HPDC), in order to prevent from warpage, it is essential predict ejection force each ejector pin before locating it. Recently, Shiga et al. revealed that their developed elasto-plastic-creep model more accurate than conventional elasto-plastic models estimate thermal stress during cooling with constraint dies.

We propose constraint sets as an efficient data structure for topology-changing deformable tetrahedral meshes. Using constraint sets, data structure updates in case of topology changes are simple and efficient. The consistency of the geometric representation is maintained and elasto-mechanical properties of the object are preserved. In combination with a Finite Element model for elasto-plastic ...