This paper introduces the application of mean-variance portfolio theory to portfolios generating multiple forms of energy such as electricity, heating or cooling power. Portfolio theory has already been successfully applied to several cases of electricity generation planning. A general extension of this method to an arbitrary number of output energies will be developed in this paper. Instead of...

In Australia, as electricity prices have increased, driven mainly by increases in peak demand, electricity use has decreased every year since 2008/09. The factors most responsible for these decreases include increased electricity costs, energy efficiency, solar water heaters and photovoltaics. Further increases in electricity prices and uptake of these technologies could result in further reduc...

0306-2619/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.01.035 ⇑ Corresponding author at: Institute for Low Carbo China Electric Power University, Beijing, China. Tel.: + E-mail addresses: [email protected] (X. Z (T.P. Lyon). China’s electricity industry has experienced two major stages of development: from 1949 to 1984, the industry was treated as a subordinate sect...

Various electricity generation technologies using different primary energy sources are available. Many published studies compare the costs of these technologies. However, most of those studies only consider plant-level costs and do not fully take into account additional costs that societies may face in using these technologies. This article reviews the literature on the costs of electricity gen...

This paper uses neuro-fuzzy programming to perform a comparison between the different electricity power generation options for Jordan. Different systems are considered: in addition to fossil fuel power plants, nuclear, solar, wind, and hydropower systems are evaluated. Based on cost-to-benefit ratios, results show that solar, wind, and hydropower are considered to be the best systems for electr...

This paper proposes an economic dispatch strategy for the electricity system with one generation company, multiple utility companies and multiple consumers, which participate in demand response to keep the electricity real-time balance. In the wholesale markets, multiple utility companies will commonly select a reliable agent to negotiate with the generation company on the wholesale price. It i...

Electricity spot prices are highly volatile under optimal generation capacity scenarios due to factors such as nonstorability of electricity, peak demand at certain periods, generator outages, fuel uncertainty for renewable energy generators, huge investments and time needed for generation capacity expansion etc. As a result market participants are exposed to price and volume risk, which has le...

BACKGROUND Much research in the field of energy harvesting has sought to develop devices capable of generating electricity during daily activities with minimum user effort. No previous study has considered the metabolic cost of carrying the harvester when determining the energetic effects it has on the user. When considering device carrying costs, no energy harvester to date has demonstrated th...

Previous studies on waste incineration as part of the energy system show that waste management and energy supply are highly dependent on each other, and that the preconditions for the energy system setup affects the avoided emissions and thereby even sometimes the total outcome of an environmental assessment. However, it has not been previously shown explicitly which key parameters are most cru...

While demand for electricity continues to grow, expansion of the traditional electricity supply system, or macrogrid, is constrained and is unlikely to keep pace with the growing thirst western economies have for electricity. Furthermore, no compelling case has been made that perpetual improvement in the overall power quality and reliability (PQR) delivered is technically possible or economical...