The theory of J. Jiang et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 116, 7977 (2002)] for size-symmetric electrolytes is extended to size-asymmetric electrolytes. When compared to molecular-simulation results, this extension gives the correct trend of critical properties with size asymmetry.

In this work two dimensional graphene flakes were used to prepare new electrolytes for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Small amounts (up to 3 wt%) of graphene nanoflakes were suspended into the ionic liquid (IL) 1-propyl-3-methyl imidazolium iodide (PMII) to produce new electrolytes. The use of these electrolytes in DSSCs resulted in more than twenty five times improvement of the solar cell...

A technique of intestinal perfusion has been used to investigate the effects of vagotomy on the intestinal handling of water and electrolytes. The capacity of the vagotomized jejunum to absorb water and electrolytes was found to be unimpaired, even in patients who had severe postvagotomy diarrhoea.

By analysing X-ray pair distribution function data using a multivariate statistical approach, we isolate the cation solvation structure for monovalent (Li(+)/Na(+)/K(+)) and multivalent (Mg(2+)/Ca(2+)/Zn(2+)) electrolytes based on TFSI salts in diglyme. Parallel molecular dynamics simulations provide enhanced structural details. The data suggest that contact ion-pairs are a common feature in mu...

The present communication divulges interesting thermal behavior of different protic ionic liquids arising due to the hydrophobicity modifications in their parent cationic ring structures. This work assists us in differentiating between protic ionic liquids, their aprotic counterparts and common electrolytes in water. The thermal signatures produced by protic ionic liquids, aprotic ionic liquids...

It has long been known that during the course of lobar pneumonia alterations in the chloride distribution in the blood and urine occur. During the stage of active infection there is a retention of chloride in the body as manifested by a decreased chloride elimination, whereas the blood in this period shows a hypochloremia. The present study was designed to follow the changes in the concentratio...

Lithium-ion batteries are one of the most promising candidates for energy storage in sustainable technologies such as electro-mobility or renewable energy systems. However, at present they are incapable to compete with the combustion engine to power vehicles in terms of capacity, price, and safety. The same shortcomings are also limiting the applicability in large-scale grid energy storage. A k...

DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201501590 electrochemical stability window, and (3) chemical compatibility with the anode and cathode. In the past few years, major advances have been achieved in increasing the Li ionic conductivity of the solid electrolytes. The state-of-the-art solid electrolyte materials, such as Li-garnet Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) and Li10GeP2S12 (LGPS) have achieved an ionic conductivity of 10...

Introduction: Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) is the standard clinical intervention for the treatment of dehydration due to diarrhoea. It does not reduce the volume and frequency of duration of diarrhoea. This has prompted searching for improving ORS. One way of improving ORT may be delivering ORS in liposomes, to stimulate faster and more efficient absorption of water and electrolytes from smal...