The present day status of elemental speciation is largely based on the use of hyphenated techniques in particular in the combination of various types of chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The present status of environmental speciation with the hyphenated techniques is reviewed. There is a growing need for more comprehensive approaches including the direct analysis...

PURPOSE Main aim of the present study was to test and show the dissolution of coatings onto Ti6Al4V pedicle screws by both in vitro and in vivo analysis. METHODS Hydroxyapatite (HA) was coated on Ti6Al4V by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The dissolution of the coatings was tested in vitro. The coating was characterized before and after implantation via pull-out tests, X-ray diffraction (XR...