Although patent foramen ovale is a relatively common disease, the presence of paradoxical embolism is a rare clinical condition, representing less than 2% of arterial ischemias. We report the case of a 55-year-old male diagnosed with massive pulmonary embolism and paradoxical embolism in the right arm, secondary to patent foramen ovale. We also highlight some uncertainties in the diagnosis and ...

Fat embolism occurs in the vast majority of patients who have had trauma (approximately 90%). The most common occurrence is after long bone fracture. It has also been noted in cases after orthopedic surgery. Fat embolism is most often diagnosed when the clinical manifestations of fat embolism syndrome become apparent. Reported cases of fat emboli in transit are unusual. In our case, we present ...

The subject of fat embolism is of recurring interest to those managing trauma. This article covers the topic of fat embolism in general, and presents a case of fulminant fat embolism syndrome which highlights the importance of clinical expertise, and whatever technological aids are available to diagnose and appropriately treat this relatively rare, but highly significant form of the syndrome. F...

Paradoxical embolism to the cerebral circulation is rarely diagnosed in life; however, three such cases have recently been observed: two with multiple congenital pulmonary arteriovenous malformations and one with an acquired arteriovenous fistula. In each case the pulmonary lesion(s) were treated by percutaneous balloon embolizations. Paradoxical embolism should be included in the differential ...

Air embolism is a rare complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Patent foramen ovale, which is necessary in fetal circulation, is a potential route for emboli arising from the venous system to enter the systemic arterial circulation, resulting in paradoxical air embolism syndrome. A case of paradoxical air embolism during percutaneous nephrolithotomy is presented. To our knowledge, this is...

We report two cases of septic pulmonary embolism associated with periodontitis. Chest CT revealed multiple nodular shadows with features characteristic of septic pulmonary embolism in both patients. Both patients had toothache, fever, and chest pain, and showed findings of periodontitis at initial presentation. Antimicrobial agents combined with dental surgery were successful in treatment. Whil...

Pulmonary embolism is a common cardiovascular emergency, but it is still often misdiagnosed due to its unspecific clinical symptoms. Elevated troponin concentrations are associated with greater morbidity and mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism. Right ventricular ischemia due to increased right ventricular afterload is believed to be underlying mechanism of elevated troponin values in ...

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) has been recognized for more than 100 years, but controversy remains with regard to the mechanism of systemic fat embolism. We report a case of healthy 30-years-old men who developed respiratory failure and brain death within 48 h of bilateral tibial fractures. Autopsy showed fat embolism in the lung and brain, and a large patent oval foramen that may have contribute...

in this survey, 55 patients were studied in a period of six years for having the anesthesia in the sitting position. in this position, the surgeon will had a better access to the location, whose damages have been sustained, so less damages would be given to the healthy tissues. for the patients, due to their critical general conditions, one week prior to giving anesthesia to the posterior fossa...

BACKGROUND To investigate the incidence of pulmonary embolism and risk factors for this condition after obstetric and gynecologic surgery, as well as the efficacy of intermittent pneumatic compression. METHODS A total of 6,218 patients operated at Keio University Hospital excluding obstetric or infertility-related surgery and uterine cervical conization were evaluated retrospectively to deter...