OBJECTIVE This report aims to illustrate the history and current status of Japanese emergency medical services (EMS), including development of the specialty and characteristics adapted from the U.S. and European models. In addition, recommendations are made for improvement of the current systems. METHODS Government reports and academic papers were reviewed, along with the collective experienc...

Social support has an important effect on the way a family uses medical services. 2 Grandmothers have been shown to influence discipline and care behaviour, 4 but possible effects of grandmothers on child health have been little studied. A small retrospective study from Philadelphia in the United States suggested that when grandmothers were involved in a child’s care there was a greater use of ...

introduction: several mechanisms were introduced as causes of serum creatinine phosphokinase (cpk) raise in intoxicated patients. this study aimed to assess the relationship between serum cpk level in the first 24 hours and baseline characteristics as well as outcomes of these patients. methods: this one year retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on all intoxicated patients, who wer...

Wprowadzenie i cel Choroby układu sercowo naczyniowego są jedną z dominujących przyczyn zgonów na świecie. Za najczęstszy czynnik ryzyka rozwoju tej grupy chorób uznawane jest nadciśnienie tętnicze (łac. <i>hypertonia arterialis</i>, HA). HA może dotyczyć nawet 11 mln Polaków, a liczba ta ma szansę zwiększyć się o połowę do roku 2035. Utrzymywanie podwyższonych wartości ciśnienia kr...

Dedicated and qualified medical direction is required to ensure safe and quality patient care. Medical direction is a fundamental element of the emergency medical services (EMS) system. It is essential that the lead agency for EMS within the fifty states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the territories of Guam, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mari...

Prehospital emergency medical services often operate in the most challenging and austere environments. Checklist use for complex tasks in these circumstances is useful but must make task completion simpler, faster and more effective. The SPEEDBOMB checklist for Prehospital Rapid Sequence Induction (PRSI) management rapidly addresses critical steps in the RSI process, is designed to improve chec...