The effect on the field emission characteristics of the aspect ratio of an isolated emitter, together with the position of the anode electrode are reported. We show by computational simulation that the field enhancement factor b is only dependant on the emitter height h, radius r, when the anode to cathode separation D is greater than three times the height of the emitter away from the tip. In ...

Crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells have the lion share in world PV market. Solar cells made from crystalline silicon have lower conversion efficiency, hence optimization of each process steps are very important. Achieving low-cost photovoltaic energy in the coming years will depend on the development of third-generation solar cells. Given the trend towards these Si materials, the most promi...

The emitter (front metallization) of IGBTs is contacted by wire bonding. In this study, the influence of the wirebond layout on the power cycling performance of IGBT modules is investigated. Stitch bonding is implemented to modify the wirebond layout of the emitter contact. The different layouts are subjected to power cycling tests. For a better understanding of the experimental results, electr...

We examine the application of Josephson radiation emitters to spectral calibration of single-photonresolving detectors. Josephson junctions are patterned in a YBCO film on a bicrystal sapphire substrate and are voltage controlled to generate radiation in the frequency range of 0.05–1 THz. The detector used in this work consists of a gate-defined quantum-dot photon-to-charge transducer coupled t...

Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMM) are of great interest due to their ability to break the diffraction limit for imaging and enhance near-field radiative heat transfer. Here we demonstrate that an annular, transparent HMM enables selective heating of a sub-wavelength plasmonic nanowire by controlling the angular mode number of a plasmonic resonance. A nanowire emitter, surrounded by an HMM, appears...

Planar photonic nanostructures have recently attracted a great deal of attention for quantum optics applications. In this paper, we carry out full 3D numerical simulations to fully account for all radiation channels and thereby quantify the coupling efficiency of a quantum emitter embedded in a photonic-crystal waveguide. We determine the leakage from the quantum emitter to the surrounding envi...

245 Abstract—We present two-dimensional simulations of onefinger power InGaP/GaAs Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors (HBTs) before and after both electrical and thermal stress aging. It is well known that GaAs-HBTs with InGaP emitter material can be improved with respect to reliability if the emitter material covers the complete p-doped base layer forming outside the active emitter the so-calle...

Field emission displays (FEDs) show great promise as high performance flat panel displays. The light emission process is efficient, long lifetimes are possible with high brightness, and bright passive matrix displays can be built. Because passive matrix displays don’t need a transistor backplane, it was once thought that these displays would be cheaper to fabricate than their competitors. It is...

Single electron tunneling through a single impurity level is used to probe the fluctuations of the local density of states in the emitter. The energy dependence of quasiparticle relaxation in the emitter can be extracted from the damping of the fluctuations of the local density of states (LDOS). At larger magnetic fields Zeeman splitting is observed.

Figure 1. Typical out-of-plane artifacts from high-attenuation objects at consecutive heights in the reconstructed volume. Top: needle insertion position is parallel to the X-ray emitter motion lane. Bottom: Needle insertion direction is perpendicular to the X-ray emitter motion lane. Pictures courtesy of Siemens Healthcare Sector. Metal Artifact Reduction of Biopsy Needles in Digital Breast To...