BACKGROUND Ground hardness is considered one of the possible risk factors associated with rugby injuries. OBJECTIVES To examine the contribution of ground hardness, rainfall and evapotranspiration to the incidence of injury, and to investigate seasonal injury bias throughout one full season of rugby union. METHODS A prospective epidemiological study of rugby injuries was performed on 271 pl...

"Soft" and "hard" are the two main market classes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and are distinguished by expression of the Hardness gene. Friabilin, a marker protein for grain softness (Ha), consists of two proteins, puroindoline a and b (pinA and pinB, respectively). We previously demonstrated that a glycine to serine mutation in pinB is linked inseparably to grain hardness. Here, we report ...

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) transmission technique is gaining popularity as a preferred technique in the emerging broadband wireless access standards. Motivated by the OFDMA transmission technique we define the following problem: Let M be a matrix (over R) of size a × b. Given a vector of non-negative integers ~ C = 〈c1, c2, . . . , cb〉 such that ∑ cj = a, we would lik...

BACKGROUND Use of alkaline peroxide denture cleanser with different temperature of water could cause a change in surface hardness of the acrylic denture and also has a bleaching effect. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of increased water content during thermal cycling of hot water-treated acrylic on the surface hardness of acrylic denture base when compared to warm water tre...

the effect of xanthan and qodume shirazi seed gum on fresh bread quality and its influence on dough rheology were studied. incorporation of 0.3 to 1% of these two gums was investigated to evaluate its effect on the mixing tolerance index (mti), dough development time (ddt), gelatinization temperature (gt), viscosity, dough stability and quality of wheat flour. addition of xanthan and qodume shi...

in this research at the first, captopril drug (ca) and its fullerene connected form (fca) wereoptimized. natural bond orbital (nbo) calculations for these compounds were carried out at theb3lyp/6-31g quantum chemistry level, in the gas phase and the liquid phase. these calculations canbe performed at different accuracy levels depending on the aim of the theoretical study [1]. forinstance, densi...

We consider scheduling of colored packets with transition costs which form a general metric space. We design 1 − O (√ MST (G) L ) competitive algorithm. Our main result is an hardness result of 1 − Ω (√ MST (G) L ) which matches the competitive ratio of the algorithm for each metric space separately. In particular we improve the hardness result of Azar at el. for uniform metric space. We also e...