In contrast to their role in cell types with higher energy demands, mitochondria in endothelial cells primarily function in signaling cellular responses to environmental cues. This article provides an overview of key aspects of mitochondrial biology in endothelial cells, including subcellular location, biogenesis, dynamics, autophagy, reactive oxygen species production and signaling, calcium ho...

Agrowing body of evidence suggests that endothelial dysfunction is associated with cardiovascular events. Endothelial dysfunction can be regarded as a syndrome that exhibits systemic manifestations associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The concept of endothelial dysfunction should be extended beyond the conduit vessels into the vascular wall and even to the bone marrow and the pr...

To the Editor: We read with interest the recent article by Higashi et al, which found that in both normotensive and hypertensive subjects, 12 weeks of walking increased forearm vasodilator responses to acetylcholine but that responses to N-monomethyl-L-arginine were unchanged. These data concur with cross-sectional data from our group comparing elite athletes and sedentary controls, and in both...

There is increasing interest in the extra-skeletal roles of vitamin D for health and well-being. Poor vitamin D status has been associated with obesity, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and mental health. Endothelial dysfunction may underscore insulin resistance and hence predispose to both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes. The objective of this review was to gain an appr...

background: alzheimer’s disease (ad) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and nowadays the role of endothelial cell (ec) injury has been proposed in pathological process in ad. peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor‑γ (ppar‑γ) agonist has anti‑inflammatory properties through activation in glial cells and improves vascular function and prevent atherosclerotic disease progression. the a...

Endothelial cells form a multifunctional cell lining that covers all of the inner surface of blood vessels and regulates several important physiological and pathological reactions. These include inflammation/immune reaction, blood vessel tonus, hemostasis/thrombosis, angiogenesis and so on. Behçet’s Disease (BD) is a chronic, relapsing, multisystemic disorder characterized by urogenital ulcers ...

Endothelial dysfunction is one of the earliest events in atherogenesis. A consequence of endothelial damage is a lower availability of nitric oxide (NO), the most potent endogenous vasodilator. NO inhibits platelet aggregation, smooth muscle cell proliferation and adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells. Endothelial dysfunction is present in patients with cardiovascular disease and/or corona...

In the study entitled “Men Born in 1914,” a reduction of pulse-wave amplitude during reactive hyperemia was found to be predictive of long-term cardiovascular events (1). Of particular note is the fact that these observations were made many years before the whole concept of endotheliumdependent vasoreactivity and its mediators was elaborated (2). Therefore, this study was the first to subsequen...

background and objective: vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) and its receptors (vegf-r1 and r2) are major regulators of angiogenesis. this study was designed to assess serum levels of vegf and vegf-r1 and their prognostic significance in newly diagnosed childhood acute leukemia. materials and methods: for this purpose, vegf and vegf-r1 were determined using enzyme linked immuno-sorbant a...