Failure of hemodialysis access is caused mostly by venous intimal hyperplasia, a fibro-muscular thickening of the vessel wall. The pathogenesis of venous neointimal hyperplasia in primary arteriovenous fistulae consists of processes that have been identified as upstream and downstream events. Upstream events are the initial events producing injury of the endothelial layer (surgical trauma, hemo...

The relative importance of heparin-like compounds in mediating vascular repair is unclear. We investigated how protamine, a chelator of heparin, affected endothelial cell inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell growth and intimal hyperplasia. The 52% ( P < 0.001) reduction in smooth muscle cell proliferation produced by postconfluent endothelial cell-conditioned medium was entirely reversed b...

Endothelium-derived NO controls the contractility and growth state of the underlying vascular smooth muscle cells and regulates the interaction of the vessel wall with circulating blood elements. Acute injury of the vessel wall denudes the endothelial lining, removing homeostatic regulation and precipitating a wave of events leading to myointimal hyperplasia. In this issue of the JCI, Alef and ...

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia, also known as epithelioid hemangioma, is a rare endothelioproliferative disorder which clinically presents with reddish to reddish brown, single or multiple, papules and nodules predominantly on head and neck region in middle aged women. Its aetiopathogenesis is still unclear. Histopathologically, it is characterized by proliferation of plump or epit...

background: recently, the development of new biomarkers as prognostic and predictive markers in prostate cancer has been crucial. objectives: this study was aimed to determine whether serum vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) levels would be a prognostic marker or risk assessment factor in patients with prostate cancer and to investigate whether it could differentiate cancerous tissue fro...

We showed recently that mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) cells provide a buffering mechanism for salt-sensitive hypertension by driving interstitial lymphangiogenesis, modulating interstitial Na clearance, and increasing endothelial NO synthase protein expression in response to very high dietary salt via a tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein/vascular endothelial growth factor C regul...

We showed recently that mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) cells provide a buffering mechanism for salt-sensitive hypertension by driving interstitial lymphangiogenesis, modulating interstitial Na(+) clearance, and increasing endothelial NO synthase protein expression in response to very high dietary salt via a tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein/vascular endothelial growth factor C re...

OBJECTIVE LOX-1 is a multi-ligand receptor originally identified as the endothelial oxidized LDL receptor. LOX-1 expression is also induced in smooth muscle cells in response to proinflammatory and oxidative stimuli. Here, we report on the role of LOX-1 in intimal hyperplasia, in which proinflammatory and oxidative stimuli are increased. METHODS AND RESULTS Left common carotid artery of rat w...

Reversed vein grafting exposes the venous tissue to a period of ischemia, reperfusion and subsequent free radical generation which may contribute to endothelial injury and/or damage, smooth muscle cell proliferation and the later development of intimal hyperplasia. The effects of ex vivo treatment with desferrioxamine Mn+3 (DFMn), a cell-permeable free radical scavenger, on the development of i...