PURPOSE To investigate the effects of a sport-specific maximal 6-wk strength and conditioning program on critical velocity (CV), anaerobic running distance (ARD), and 5-km time-trial performance (TT). METHODS 16 moderately trained recreational endurance runners were tested for CV, ARD, and TT performances on 3 separate occasions (baseline, midstudy, and poststudy). DESIGN Participants were ...

BackgroundElectrical stimulation has been used to train paralyzed muscle. However, papers often cite that rapid fatigability of muscle compared to voluntary effort. Methods and Procedures; The literature is reviewed over the last 25 years examining the normal recruitment order of motor units, the impact of recruitment order, stimulation frequency and asynchronous recruitment on muscle strength ...

This study aimed to compare quadriceps function (i.e. strength, endurance, central, and peripheral fatigue) of young (Young-UnTr) and middle-aged (MidAge-UnTr) untrained men and young endurance-trained men (Young-Tr). Twenty-four male subjects (eight Young-UnTr (26 4 yr), eight Young-Tr (29 3 yr), and eight MidAge-UnTr (56 4 yr) performed a maximal cycling test to assess their fitness level. On...

Nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF2), a member of the Cap-N-Collar family of transcription factors, plays an important role in the mitochondrial biogenesis, and variants of NRF2 gene have been associated with endurance performance. The aims of the present study were 1) to compare NRF2 A/C (rs12594956) and NRF2 C/T (rs8031031) genotype and allele frequencies between athletes of sports with differ...

Trunk muscles are designed to fulfill their role of continuous activity throughout the day, but pain and inactivity alter muscles so that they fatigue in normal situations. Lack of endurance of the trunk muscles is an important factor in low back pain (LBP). This paper examines some methods to objectively test endurance of trunk flexor and extensor muscles in static and dynamic situations, and ...

Endurance exercise training elicits physiological adaptations within the body. One of the adaptations observed with endurance training is the body's ability to oxidize increased amounts of fat as energy during exercise. A critical role in this energy substrate shift is mediated by the mitochondria. The mechanisms for adaptation at the mitochondria and their relative importance to the energy sub...

background: given widespread deleterious health effects of an augmented inflammatory state, identification of therapies that reduce inflammation is critical. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of 10 weeks endurance training on pro-inflammatory cytokines and their relationships with cortisol and testosterone hormones in sedentary young men. methods: twenty sedentary ...

conclusions it seems that there is no significant relationship between the side-lying endurance test and abdominal muscles thickness. patients and methods a convenience sample of 55 subjects, aged 20 - 30 years, participated in this study. endurance of abdominal muscles was measured using side-lying endurance test in all subjects. ultrasound thickness measurement for the transverses abdominis (...

BACKGROUND Cancer survivors experience muscular weakness and reduced mobility, thereby compromising quality of life. This investigation utilized moderate prescriptive exercise to improve upper- and lower-body muscular fitness, flexibility, depression and quality of life in cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred and thirty-five breast and prostate cancer survivors received cancer an...