To quantify trade frictions, we examine multiproduct exporters. We build a flexible general-equilibrium model and estimate market entry costs using Brazilian firm-product-destination data under rich demand access cost shocks. Our estimates show that additional products farther from firm’s core competency come at higher production costs, but there are substantive economies of scope in costs. Mar...

While privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) remains a popular policy tool in many countries, the impacts on workers are unclear. This paper studies case Brazil, which implemented large program 1990s. Following privatization, incumbent privatized SOEs suffer wage decline roughly 25 percent relative to matched control group. Additionally, private sector firms that connected by labor mob...

The adoption rate of building energy standards in the US has been increasing since the mid1990s as a result of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct). However, most of the evidence on the energy savings that accrue from commercial building energy standards is based on engineering simulations, which do not account for realized behavior once a standard is actually adopted. This paper uses plausibl...

Many e-government initiatives introduce technology to improve efficiency and avoid potential human bias. Using experimental variation, we examine the impact of electronic tax filing (to replace in-person submission officials) using data from Tajikistan firms. E-filing reduces time firms spend on taxes by 40 percent. Further, among previously more likely evade, e-filing doubles paid. Conversely,...

We construct a dynamic general equilibrium model to analyze the effects of large energy subsidies in a small open economy. The model pays special attention to domestic energy production and consumption, trade in energy at world market prices, as well as private and public sector production including the provision of public infrastructure. The model is calibrated to data from Egypt and then used...

This study investigates the relationships among pollutant emissions, energy consumption and economic development in China during the period 1982-2007 by using one-step GMM-system model under multivariable panel VAR framework, controlling for capital stock and labor force. Regarding the data for all 28 provinces as a whole, we find that there is a unidirectional positive relationship running fro...

Consumption is the principal feature of Iran’s Gross National Production. Therefore, recognizing of factors that influence it is quite crucial. This article, investigates habit formation, durability, relative risk aversion and intertemporal substitution in consumption expenditures of Iranian households. For empirical study, at first, we constructed two weighted portfolio of the main assets re...

This article studies U.S. monthly inflation, inflation growth, and price level dynamics from January 1967 to September 2005. Two rolling samples are constructed to recover evidence about instability in inflation, inflation growth, and price level persistence and volatility. Evidence is presented that changes in inflation, inflation growth, and price level persistence and volatility coincide wit...

In a multi-industry growth model, firms require external funds to conduct productivityenhancing R&D, and are limited by financing constraints. The cost of research differs across industries, so financing constraints hinder productivity growth in some industries more than in others. Equilibrium industry dynamics map into a differences-indifferences regression specification where industry growth ...