Until recently, the resolution of conflict between state and criminal with use punitive measures was main means combating crime. The process humanizing procedural legislation Ukraine fundamentally changed situation caused need to improve form, introduce new institutions, functioning which will ensure protection interests society state.This reason why subjects had opportunity resolve legal by re...

This study builds on the literature on the economics of output quotas in the presence of cheating. We extend previous work by Giannakas and Fulton (2000a) by examining the decisions of the agency responsible for the enforcement of output quotas in a decentralized policy-making structure. Enforcement policy design is modeled as a sequential game between the agency that determines the enforcement...

Runtime enforcement is a powerful technique to ensure that a program will respect a given set of properties. We extend previous work on this topic in several directions. Firstly, we propose a generic notion of enforcement monitors based on a memory device and finite sets of control states and enforcement operations. Moreover, we specify their enforcement abilities w.r.t. the general Safety-Prog...

Enforcing the purpose of data usage means to ensure that data are used as it intends for and that excessive usage cannot happen. In general, the enforcement of purpose is a complicated task. The main difficulty is to identify the purpose of an agent when it requests to perform an action. In this paper, we discuss the design issue of usage purpose enforcement model based on our proposed enforcem...

Gray market activity has become increasingly prevalent. The prevailing wisdom in marketing is to use more severe enforcement to deter gray marketing. However, the certainty and speed of enforcement may also have a bearing on the incidence of violations. This article examines whether and how enforcement deters gray marketing. The results from a field survey of manufacturers and an experimental d...

Integrity checking has been investigated extensively in the field of deductive databases. Methods have been developed to optimise the checking of an update by specialising the constraints for the information that could have been affected by it. The optimisation has been applied to sets of updates resulting from the execution of unspecified update procedures. This paper investigates the compilat...

Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code is legislation that has been positioned as a legal umbrella for every law enforcement officer. However, not all powers and discretion exercised by enforcers—especially investigators public prosecutors, can be tested or questioned their validity through submission pretrial application. One model action cannot act instrumental communicat...

This paper investigates whether labor market regulations involve a trade-off between efficiency and equity. We use city level data on efficiency and equity outcomes, and we explore the regional variation in the enforcement of labor regulation across 5,513 Brazilian cities. Although not all of the variation in enforcement can be considered exogenous, we control for pre determined regional charac...