Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of endosulfan was developed using antibodies raised against endosulfan. The competitive assay formatted was specific to endosulfan with a limit of detection of 1ng. The application and efficiency of the assay were tested for the detection of residues in different food samples. With an efficient extraction method, the recoveries ranged from...

A systematic design strategy for spiral-wound gas separation systems is studied using a recently proposed algebraic permeator model (Qi and Henson, Approximate modeling of spiral-wound gas permeators, J. Membrane Sci. 121 (1996) 11–24). Nonlinear programming (NLP) is used to determine operating conditions which satisfy the separation requirements while minimizing the annual process cost. The de...

a bacterial strain (designated as alcaligenes sp. ms-103) isolated from oil sample of the aghajari oilfield in the south of iran, was able to produce an effective extracellular lipopolysaccharide biosurfactant (1.2±0.05 g/l) on molasses as a sole carbon source. the highest surface tension reduction to level 20 mn/m was achieved by biosurfactant produced by cells grown on molasses under optimum ...

One of the mostly used enhanced oil recovery methods is the injection of water or gas under pressure to maintain or reverse the declining pressure in a reservoir. Several parameters should be optimized in a fluid injection process. The usual optimizing methods evaluate several scenarios to find the best solution. Since it is required to run the reservoir simulator hundreds of times, the process...

Surfactant alternating gas/CO 2 (SAG) flooding is a promising enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology, which has the potential to improve production beyond primary and secondary water methods. However, performance of SAG restricted due instability under high salinity reservoir conditions excessive surfactant adsorption. One convenient relatively low-cost option overcome limitations use low (LSW)...

Underground injection of carbon dioxide for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a common practice in the oil and gas industry and has often been cited as a proven method of sequestering CO2 (US DOE, 1999). Of all sequestration methods, this is probably the best understood, as carbon dioxide has been used in the oil industry for many years. Additionally, most oil fields have been relatively well char...