We consider a bound on the bias reduction of a random number generator by processing based on binary linear codes. We introduce a new bound on the total variation distance of the processed output based on the weight distribution of the code generated by the chosen binary matrix. Starting from this result we show a lower bound for the entropy rate of the output of linear binary extractors.

We design, implement and test a simple algorithm which computes the approximate entropy of a finite binary string of arbitrary length. The algorithm uses a weighted average of the Shannon Entropies of the string and all but the last binary derivative of the string. We successfully test the algorithm in the fields of Prime Number Theory (where we prove explicitly that the sequence of prime numbe...

This paper outlines a science-based explanation of damage and reliability of critical components and structures within the second law of thermodynamics. The approach relies on the fundamentals of irreversible thermodynamics, specifically the concept of entropy generation as an index of degradation and damage in materials. All damage mechanisms share a common feature, namely energy dissipation. ...

Thermodynamics is defined as the science of energy and entropy which are applicable to all fields of science and engineering. This special issue is essentially devoted to the entropy generation in thermal engineering systems and applications. Entropy generation is one of the most significant problems to overcome to optimize a system/process and its performance, and this will unfortunately remai...

The present paper analyzes numerically the entropy generation induced by forced convection in a canonical configuration. The configuration itself includes two well known fluid dynamic problems: (1) an external flow (flow around a cylinder, Kármán flow); and (2) an internal flow (flow between two concentric rotating cylinders, Couette flow). In many daily engineering issues (e.g., cooling of ele...

This article presents the exact solutions of the velocity and temperature fields for a steady fully developed magnetohydrodynamic flow of a viscous incompressible and electrically conducting fluid between two horizontal concentric cylinders. Our study focuses on the influence of the Hartmann number, Brinkman number, Péclet number and inner radius on the fluid temperature field, entropy generati...

Diffusers and nozzles within a flow system are optimized with respect to their wall shapes for a given change in cross sections. The optimization target is a low value of the head loss coefficientK, which can be linked to the overall entropy generation due to the conduit component. First, a polynomial shape of the wall with two degrees of freedom is assumed. As a second approach six equally spa...

The current work investigates entropy generation around a backward facing step subjected to bleeding by using suction/blowing. The suction/blowing is imposed on the bottom wall of the step. Finite volume method with second order accuracy is used in the solution of the governing equations. The variation of local and overall entropy generation number is calculated. The distribution of entropy gen...

The present paper is concerned with the analysis of inherent irreversibility in hydromagnetic boundary layer flow of variable viscosity fluid over a semi-infinite flat plate under the influence of thermal radiation and Newtonian heating. Using local similarity solution technique and shooting quadrature, the velocity and temperature profiles are obtained numerically and utilized to compute the e...

Entropy generation is commonly applied to describe the evolution of irreversible processes, such as heat transfer and turbulence. These are both dominating phenomena in fire propagation. In this paper, entropy generation analysis is applied to a grassland fire event, with the aim of finding possible links between entropy generation and propagation directions. The ultimate goal of such analysis ...