Calculation of costs and the Burden of Disease (BoD) is useful in developing resource allocation and prioritization strategies in public and environmental health. While useful, the Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY) metric disregards subclinical dysfunctions, adheres to stringent causal criteria, and is hampered by gaps in environmental exposure data, especially from industrializing countries...

abstract minimizing service cost and adverse effects on environment and society are important in waste management. due to this, landfill and transfer station location become important. this article as a practical research uses analytical hierarchy process in multi criteria decision making considering environmental and social criteria in levels of benefit, opportunity, cost and risk (bocr) for p...