The effects of capsaicin and mucosal acidification on gastric HCO3(-) secretion were compared in wild-type and prostacyclin (PGI2) IP receptor or prostaglandin E receptor EP1 or EP3 knockout C57BL/6 mice as well as rats. Under urethane anesthesia, the stomach was mounted on an ex vivo chamber, perfused with saline, and the secretion of HCO3(-) was measured at pH 7.0 using the pH-stat method. Ca...

We previously reported that certain cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors could inhibit chemically induced tongue carcinogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the effects of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) receptor EP(1)-selective antagonist ONO-8711 on 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO)-induced oral carcinogenesis to know whether an EP(1) receptor involves in oral carcinogenesis. Male Fischer 344...

Enterococcus species, principally Enterococcus faecium are used as probiotics since a long time with preference in animal applications but safety considerations were updated and also new uses as probiotics can be envisaged. Fifteen Enterococcus strains isolated from different foods were identified and analyzed for virulence factors and antibiotic resistance. Three Enterococcus durans strains we...

BACKGROUND Prostaglandins are important for female reproduction. Prostaglandin-E2 acts via four different receptor subtypes, EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4 whereas prostaglandin-F2alpha acts through FP. The functions of prostaglandins depend on the expression of their receptors in different uterine cell types. Our aim was to investigate the expression of EPs and FP in rat uterus and to identify the regu...

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an endogenous hormone of adrenal zona glomerulosa cells and is released in response to stimulation by agonists such as angiotensin II (Ang II). It stimulates the release of aldosterone from cultured bovine adrenal zona glomerulosa cells. These studies were designed to determine whether this steroidogenic effect of PGE2 was mediated by an EP1, EP2, or EP3 receptor. Pro...

A novel thermophilic bacterium, strain EP1-55-1%, was isolated from an in-situ colonization system deployed in a superheated, deep-sea, hydrothermal vent emission at the Kairei Field on the Central Indian Ridge in the Indian Ocean. The cells were highly motile rods, each possessing a single polar flagellum. Growth was observed between 35 and 65 6C (optimum temperature, 55 6C; 70 min doubling ti...

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) are major inflammatory mediators that play important roles in pain sensation and hyperalgesia. The role of their receptors (EP and IP, respectively) in inflammation has been well documented, although the EP receptor subtypes involved in this process and the underlying cellular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The capsaicin receptor TRPV1 is...

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), the most abundant COX-2–derived prostaglandin found in colorectal cancer, promotes tumor cell proliferation and survival via multiple signaling pathways. However, the role of PGE2 in tumor hypoxia is not well understood. Here, we show a synergistic effect of PGE2 and hypoxia on enhancing angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) expression and that elevation of ANGPTL4 prom...

Endoproteinase activities and species were compared during dark-induced senescence of attached and detached primary barley leaves by isoelectric focusing and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of cell-free extracts. Neither of the two major endoproteinases (EP1 and EP2) changed in amounts during senescence of attached leaves, nor did new endoproteinases appear. In contrast, during senescence of...