allergic reaction to local anesthetics is very rare and most of the reported cases are due to ester local anesthetics. this case presents a parturient who experienced cardiac arrest due to hypersensitivity reaction to lidocaine after epidural injection for cesrarean section.

background and purpose: this study was designed in order to compare the effects of spinal and epidural analgesia on labour and also several maternal and fetal factors in vaginal delivery. materials and methods: the study was a randomized clinical trail and participatnts were 120 gravid 1 and gravid 2 women in the active phase of delivery, admitted to the labour room of fatemieh hospital in hame...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Approaching the cervical and high thoracic level epidural space through transepidural route from lumbar region represents a method to lower the occurrence of complications associated with direct approach. The authors performed a cadaveric pilot project to determine the feasibility of various catheter-based manipulation and cephalad advancement using the transepidural r...

BACKGROUND Extension of sensory blockade after an epidural top-up in combined spinal epidural (CSE) anesthesia is partly attributed to compression of the dural sac by the injected volume. This study investigated whether a volume effect plays a significant role when administering an epidural top-up after an initial epidural loading dose and assessed the predictive value of different factors with...

BACKGROUND The optimal timing of epidural analgesia has been a controversial issue, and how early women can benefit from epidural analgesia is still debated. The objective of this trial was to test the hypothesis that patient-controlled epidural analgesia given at cervical dilation of 1.0 cm or more does not increase the risk of prolonged labor or Cesarean delivery. METHODS After institutiona...

INTRODUCTION Epidural analgesia has become the most popular method for labor pain relief. Analgesia in Labor: Yes or No? Labor pain is a complex phenomenon with sensory, cognitive, motivational, emotional, social, and cultural variables. Pain and anxiety lead to adrenergic hyperactivity, hyperventilation, hypocapnia with reduced uteroplacental blood flow and uncoordinated uterine activity, so p...

BACKGROUND No reports exist concerning in vivo optical coherence tomography visualization of the epidural space and the blood patch process in the epidural space. In this study, we produced real-time two-dimensional and reconstructed three-dimensional images of the epidural space by using optical coherence tomography in a porcine model. We also aimed to produce three-dimensional optical coheren...

Background The spread of epidural analgesia is facilitated by pregnancy. Changes in the epidural structure during pregnancy may affect the spread of analgesia in pregnant women. To investigate the changes in the epidural space produced by pregnancy, the authors performed epiduroscopy in pregnant women. Methods: Using a flexible fiberscope, the authors evaluated the epidural space in 73 women un...

results the search criteria yielded 16 manuscripts on percutaneous adhesiolysis assessing post-surgery syndrome. of these, only 4 randomized trials met inclusion criteria for methodological quality assessment, 3 of them were of high quality; and the fourth manuscript was of low quality. based on these 3 randomized controlled trials, 2 of them with one-day procedure and one with a 3-day procedur...