The theoretical foundations of linear circuit theory rest on Maxwell’s theory of electromagnetism. In its more applied form, circuit theory rests on the key concepts of Kirchoff’s Laws, impedance, Ohm’s Law (in its most general sense by encompassing impedances), and the Principle of Superposition. From this foundation, any linear circuit can be solved: Given a specification of all sources in th...

As described in my previous paper [1], the voltage-source equivalent was first derived by Hermann von Helmholtz (1821–1894) in a 1853 paper [2]. Exactly thirty years later in 1883, Léon Charles Thévenin (1857–1926) published the same result [3, 4] apparently unaware of Helmholtz’s work. The generality of the equivalent source network was not appreciated until forty-three years later. Then, in 1...

In the present study, a model of a large Lithium Polymer (Li-Po) battery for use in the simulation of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) is developed. To attain this goal, an Equivalent Circuit (EC) consisting of a series resistor and two RC parallel networks is considered. The accuracy and the response time of the model for use in an HEV simulator are studied. The battery parameters identifica...

An extraction method is proposed for the equivalent circuit parameters of an X-band PIN diode based on waveguide measurement. For S-parameter measurement, a network analyzer, waveguide, transition, two identical adapters, and 1×2 unit cell with diodes were used, extracted from measurement results. The thru, reflect, line calibration was adopted to reduce undesired errors in components used dete...

In this paper, to approach the modeling aspect, we have selected a Rosen-type structure of piezo-electric transformer which, for us, seems very interesting from an educational point of view. Two approaches will be presented ; (i) The first one consist of performing the analysis with an electric equivalent circuit. The set of hypotheses used in the equivalent circuit method prove to be somewhat ...

The electrical circuit equivalents of magnetic device structures such as transformer require an exact knowledge of its parameters. Efficient parameter estimation technique is essential to obtain the equivalent circuit parameters of transformer because the parameters are used to manipulate parasitic elements and to obtain the enhanced circuit performance. In this paper, Bacterial Foraging Algori...