background and objective: determination of hormone receptor status in the management of breast cancer is well-established. the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of androgen receptor (ar) expression in invasive ductal carcinoma of breast. materials and methods: for this purpose, 55 cases of invasive ductal breast carcinoma were examined using a monoclonal antibody against ar on for...

The problem of our understanding of the spin structure of the nucleon has been with us since the publication of the EMC measurements of the polarised structure function of the proton in 1987. In this talk a brief history of the subject is given followed by a review of the results presented in this workshop and the progress made to date.