Voluntary dry matter intake (VDMI) of forages by ruminants may be limited by distention resulting from restricted flow of digesta through the gastrointestinal tract. An animal's capacity for fill depends on the weight and volume of digesta that causes distention and the flow rate of digesta from the organ in which distention occurs. The reticulorumen is generally regarded as the site in the gas...

Introduction: Recently, hydrogen sulfide has been introduced as the third gas that acts as a transmitter. It has many physiological and pharmacological roles in the human body. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of exogenously administered and endogenously produced H2S on the basal and distention-induced gastric acid secretion in rats. Methods: Forty-nine male Wistar...

Ten to 25% of healthy persons experience bloating. It is particularly common in persons with the irritable bowel syndrome and constipation. While the cause of bloating remains unknown old explanations such as a excessive intestinal gas, exaggerated lumbar lordosis and psychiatric problems have been disproved. New suggestions include recent weight gain, weak or inappropriately relaxed abdominal ...

clinical syndrome that can be readily diagnosed at the bedside by observing hypotension and signs and symptoms of hypoperfusion (eg, mental status changes, weakness, cyanosis, dyspnea, and oliguria). There is a wide range of causes of shock, but few presentations include jugular venous distention (JVD). The common pathophysiology in the differential diagnosis of shock with JVD (Table) is inhibi...

A 71-year-old woman was evaluated for abnormal urination, which occurred 2 weeks after left hip arthroplasty. Abdominal examination revealed suprapubic distention despite urethral catheterization with an 18F Foley catheter. Initially, a computed tomographic scan of the pelvis without intravenous contrast material indicated a grossly distended urinary bladder (image A, arrow). Hand irrigation of...

Gastric distention during meal ingestion activates vagal afferents, which send signals from the stomach to the brain and result in the perception of fullness and satiety. Distention is one of the mechanisms that modulates food intake. We measured regional brain activation during dynamic gastric balloon distention in 18 health subjects using functional magnetic resonance imaging and the blood ox...

Cognitive factors such as fear of pain and symptom-related anxiety play an important role in chronic pain states. The current study sought to characterize abnormalities in preparatory brain response before aversive pelvic visceral distention in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients and their possible relationship to the consequences of distention. The brain functional magnetic resonance imagi...

BACKGROUND Functional abdominal pain syndrome (FAPS) has chronic unexplained abdominal pain and is similar to the psychiatric diagnosis of somatoform pain disorder. A patient with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) also has chronic unexplained abdominal pain, and rectal hypersensitivity is observed in a majority of the patients. However, no reports have evaluated the visceral sensory function of FA...