OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential for pediatric emergency department (ED) triage nurses to apply a topical anesthetic (ie, eutectic mixture of local anesthetic) for intravenous catheter (IV) insertion. METHODS Prospective cross-sectional survey over a 2-month period, with post hoc application of internally developed prediction rules. Eligible patients were children presenting to the ED t...

The heterogeneous nucleation of primary Si and eutectic Si can be attributed to the presence of AlP. Although P, in the form of AlP particles, is usually observed in the centre of primary Si, there is still a lack of detailed investigations on the distribution of P within primary Si and eutectic Si in hypereutectic Al-Si alloys at the atomic scale. Here, we report an atomic-scale experimental i...

Eutectic solvent can solubilize high amount of some therapeutic compounds. Volatile eutectic solvent is interesting to be used as solvent in the preparation of nanosuspension with emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The mechanism of transformation from the eutectic emulsion to nanosuspension was investigated in this study. The 30% w/w ibuprofen eutectic solution was used as the internal pha...

CMOS compatible metallic hermetic sealing using Al-Ge eutectic alloy for packaging MEMS devices for harsh environments has been developed. The effects of various bonding parameters on the bond quality have been extensively reported. The reliability of this eutectic joint subjected to high operating temperatures involved in deep oil well logging application has been investigated with the specifi...

Abstract Deformation tests at room temperature have been carried out on a series of in situ Mg-?Mg17Al12 composites with volume fraction ?Mg17Al12 phase varying between 20% and 60%. Regardless the fraction, these that are prepared by solidification consist magnesium-rich dendrites eutectic mixture. The mixture is made magnesium fibres embedded matrix formed phase, hard brittle complex metallic ...

Abstract In this study, the structure and mechanical properties of near-eutectic refractory Al 24 Cr 11 Nb Ti 37 Zr 17 , 20 25 10 28 15 22 (at.%) high entropy alloys were investigated. Both had a hypoeutectic structure, while alloy hypereutectic one. The proeutectic phase in was ordered B2 – C14 Laves phase. all three alloys, eutectic regions possessed fine lamellar composed mixture phases. den...

Understanding the behavior of hydrogen-rich systems at extreme conditions has significance to both condensed matter physics, where it may provide insight into the metallization and superconductivity of element one, and also to applied research areas, where it can provide guidance for designing improved hydrogen storage materials for transportation applications. Here we report the high-pressure ...

Controlling the growth of eutectic Si and thereby modifying the eutectic Si from flake-like to fibrous is a key factor in improving the properties of Al-Si alloys. To date, it is generally accepted that the impurity-induced twinning (IIT) mechanism and the twin plane re-entrant edge (TPRE) mechanism as well as poisoning of the TPRE mechanism are valid under certain conditions. However, IIT, TPR...

We present a study of the reactions of the meteoritic mineral schreibersite (Fe,Ni)3P, focusing primarily on surface chemistry and prebiotic phosphorylation. In this work, a synthetic analogue of the mineral was synthesized by mixing stoichiometric proportions of elemental iron, nickel and phosphorus and heating in a tube furnace at 820 °C for approximately 235 hours under argon or under vacuum...