The emerging International Standard ISO/IEC 15504 (Software Process Assessment) includes an exemplar assessment model (known as Part 5). Thus far, the majority of users of ISO/IEC 15504 employ the exemplar model as the basis for their assessments. This paper describes an empirical evaluation of the exemplar model. Questionnaire data was collected from the lead assessors of 57 assessments world-...

Prototype and exemplar models form two extremes in a class of mixture model accounts of human category learning. This class of models allows flexible representations that can interpolate from simple prototypes to highly differentiated exemplar accounts. We apply one such framework to data that afford an insight into the nature of representational changes during category learning. While generall...

Exemplar models are a popular class of models used to describe language change. Here we study how limiting the memory capacity of an individual in these models affects the system’s behaviour. In particular we demonstrate the effect this change has on the extinction of categories. Previous work in exemplar dynamics has not addressed this question. In order to investigate this, we will inspect a ...

Items that violate a category rule are remembered better than items that follow the rule. This finding cannot be predicted by exemplar models when all exemplars share the same attention along a dimension. With dimension-wide attention, violating and rule-following items are treated equally. When each exemplar selects which dimensions to attend to, exemplar models can predict the memory advantag...

It is widely held that people use multiple strategies to categorize their experiences in the world. We conducted a pair of neuroimaging experiments to identify the neural correlates of two of these strategies--rule application and exemplar similarity. Participants were instructed to perform either a rule- or an exemplar-based categorization task while changes in cerebral blood flow were measure...

Though it has attracted growing attention from phonologists and phoneticians, Exemplar Theory (e.g. Bybee 2001) has hitherto lacked an explicit production model that can apply to speech signals. An adequate model must be able to generalize; but this presents the problem of how to generate an output that generalizes over a collection of unique, variable-length signals. Rather than resorting to a...

A great deal of psycholinguistic findings reveal that context highlights or obscures certain aspects in the meaning of a word (viz., word sense modulation). Computational models of lexicon, however, are mostly concerned with the ways context selects a meaning for a word (word sense selection). In this paper, we propose a model that combines sense selection with sense modulation. Word senses in ...