Sensory inputs are relayed to the neocortex by "first-order" thalamic nuclei, the responses of which are determined by ascending inputs from peripheral receptors. In contrast, "higher-order" thalamic nuclei respond poorly to peripheral inputs, and their responses are thought to be determined by descending cortical inputs. We tested this hypothesis by recording from neurons in the higher-order s...

Biological effectiveness of antiviral acyclic nucleoside phosphonate adefo vir, 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethy]ade nine (PMEA) and its more lipophilic (bis)pivaloyloxymethyl ester prodrug adefovir dipivoxil (bis-POM-PMEA) were compared under in vitro conditions in mammalian cell systems. Proliferation of murine splenocytes was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner, the bis-POM-PMEA being m...

We present a method to learn probabilistic object models (POMs) with minimal supervision, which exploit different visual cues and perform tasks such as classification, segmentation, and recognition. We formulate this as a structure induction and learning task and our strategy is to learn and combine elementary POMs that make use of complementary image cues. We describe a novel structure inducti...

Polyoxometalates (POMs) show promising biological activities, but the mechanism of these potential therapeutic effects remains to be elucidated at a molecular level. As a step in this direction, the interaction between the Eu-containing decatungstate [EuW(10)O(36)](9-) and human serum albumin (HSA) has been studied by several techniques. Fluorescence/luminescence analysis showed the existence o...

T he field of Production and Operations Management (POM) is increasingly perceived as a rigorous but narrow field, antiquated and not very relevant to the current challenges and concerns of managers in job-creating growth companies vital to our economies. I argue that a narrower positioning of POM in the past is responsible for its perceived limited utility to growth firms and global economies....

Pattern-oriented modeling (POM) is a general strategy for modeling complex systems. In POM, multiple patterns observed at different scales and hierarchical levels are used to optimize model structure, to test and select sub-models of key processes, and for calibration. So far, POM has been used for developing new models and for models of low to moderate complexity. It remains unclear, though, w...

Design and fabrication of electrodes is key in the development of electrochemical sensors with superior electrochemical performances. Herein, an enzymeless electrochemical sensor is developed for detection of hydrogen peroxide based on the use of highly ordered polyoxometalate (POM)-doped polyaniline (PANI) nanopillar films. The electrodeposition technique enables the entrapment of POMs into PA...

[1] We measured dN signatures of macrophytes and particulate organic matter (POM) in six estuaries and three freshwater ponds of Massachusetts to assess whether the signatures could be used as indicators of the magnitude of land-derived nitrogen loads, concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in the water column, and percentage of N loads contributed by wastewater disposal. The study focus...

Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability, in addition to other macroand micronutrients, determine the strength of the ocean’s carbon (C) uptake, and variation in the N : P ratio of inorganic nutrient pools is key to phytoplankton growth. A similarity between C : N : P ratios in the plankton biomass and deep-water nutrients was observed by Alfred C. Redfield around 80 years ago and suggested...

In the present paper, we contribute to the theory of recognizable pom-set (or partial word) languages from an algebraic point of view. By substitutions in pomsets labelled with variables and pomset contexts, we deene the syntactic equivalence of a pomset language, and use nite index ones to deene recognizable languages. We show that the induced recognisable pomset languages have extended closur...