The paper is a continuation of [Gi]. Extending the methods of [Gi] we show the following: Let κ = ⋃ n<ω κn, κ0 < κ1 < · · · < κn < · · · (1) if each κn carries an extender of the length of the first Mahlo above κn, then for every λ > κ there is a generic extension satisfying 2 ≥ λ; (2) if each κn carries an extender of the length of the first fixed point of the א-function above κn of order n, t...

Background: This study was carried out to assess the effects of MnTBAP, a cell permeable antioxidant, on motility, membrane integrity, capacitation status and in vitro fertilization ability of frozen-thawed ram semen. Materials and Methods: Fresh semen ejaculates were collected with artificial vagina from five rams, mixed and divided into five equal fractions, and diluted (1:20 v/v) with commer...

We review the construction of the extender algebra, a Boolean algebra which is due to Woodin, with δ-many generators. The resulting genericity iteration is applied to prove a new Σ1-absoluteness theorem for c.c.c. forcings with ordinal parameters. Additionally we introduce and discuss sets that extend to a class with unique condensation. We analyse the sets that extend to classes with unique co...

We prove that, in any fine structural extender model with Jensen’s λ-indexing, there is a (κ)-sequence if and only if there is a pair of stationary subsets of κ ∩ cof(< κ) without common reflection point of cofinality < κ which, in turn, is equivalent to the existence of a family of size < κ of stationary subsets of κ ∩ cof(< κ) without common reflection point of cofinality < κ. By a result of ...

This study was aimed to determine the effect of a freezing extender developed for Mesopotamian spiny eel (Mastacembelus mastacembelus Banks & Solander, 1794). Mesopotamian spiny eel was caught from May to July 2017 in the Atatürk Dam Lake and Euphrates Basin (meridians) in Şanliurfa, Turkey. During the study, the animals (n=10; 8 males, 2 females) were caught with gill nets (22 mm×22 mm, mesh s...

the objective of this study was to evaluate effect of different concentrations of catalase in two extenders on motility, viability and lipid peroxidation bull spermatozoa during semen freezing process. thirty ejaculates collected from ten holstein bulls were pooled and evaluated at 37 °c. pool ejaculated was split into two main experimental groups, 1 and 2. in experiment 1, specimen was diluted...

Background: The application of laparoscopic method for intrauterine insemination is limited in sheep industry by the high cost of equipment and low pregnancy rate of frozen-thawed spermatozoa. Both disadvantages could be decreased if chilled ram semen is transported to the farms and inseminated through cervix. Semen extender provides the requirements for sperm and affects its motility, viabilit...

Background: Frozen-thawed rooster semen is not reliable for use in artificial insemination in commercial stocks. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) has been assessed for effectiveness as a cryoprotectant in the extender to improve the quality of frozen-thawed rooster semen. Although LDL has been evaluated in a few studies in other species for semen cryopreservation, to date, no study has been conduc...