نتایج جستجو برای: fagerstrom questionnaire
تعداد نتایج: 202560 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Since tobacco use is driven by dependence on nicotine, the primary addictive substance in tobacco, much research has focused on nicotine dependence. Less well understood, however, is the role that menthol plays in nicotine dependence. This review seeks to examine what role, if any, menthol plays in nicotine addiction in adults and youth. Based on research examining several indicators of heavine...
the purpose of this study was to examine the english language needs of medical students at tehran university of medical sciences . analysis of the needs took place for three groups: 320 undergraduate students, 30 postgraduate students and 20 university instructors. a triangulation approach to collect data was used in which a combination of the quantitative (using the questionnaires) and qualita...
with the growth of more humanistic approaches towards teaching foreign languages, more emphasis has been put on learners’ feelings, emotions and individual differences. one of the issues in teaching and learning english as a foreign language is demotivation. the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the components of language learning strategies, optimism, duration o...
abstract this study evaluated and compared medical terminology and english for the students of medicine (ii) as two representatives of the textbooks available on the iranian market for teaching english to the students of medicine. this research was performed on the basis of a teacher’s and a number of students’ attitudes and the students’ needs analysis for two reasons: first, to investigate...
Latar Belakang: Merokok masih menjadi faktor risiko peyebab utama masalah kesehatan dan kematian dini di dunia. Senyawa yang berperan dalam kebiasaan merokok adalah nikotin dapat mengakibatkan dependen.
 Objektif: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan usia inisial merokok, lama tipe aturan dengan tingkat dependen perokok pada mahasiswa laki-laki Kota Padang.&#x...
Introduction This study aimed to investigate the effect of smoking cessation on plasma clozapine (CLO) concentrations in long-term hospitalized Chinese male patients with schizophrenia treated CLO during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) data for were collected at Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital between December 1, 2019 (before cessation) and January 31, 2020 (after this...
burnout is a response to the chronic work stress which is prevalent mostly among the people who do people job, like teaching. the purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable instrument that can measure burnout in foreign language teachers. although some widely used instruments were developed before which measured burnout in teachers, a specific instrument which include specific sy...
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