the purpose of this descriptive-survey research was to assess the attitude of the farmers, bakers and consumers toward cultural and social factors influencing wheat, flour, and bread losses. the population of the study was constituted of all the farmers, bakers and bread consumers in tehran, khuzestan, golestan and kermanshah provinces. a sample of 1500 farmers, 600 bakers, and 6000 consumers w...

Agricultural producers face many risks in their economic activity due to weather conditions, plant or animal diseases, price volatility, policy changes and so on. One of the management tools to deal with some of these risks is the crop insurance system. In Catalonia (North-East of Spain) farmers’ participation in crop insurance for vegetables is low. Only 5 percent of the vegetables area is ins...

Given the abundant straw resources in Northeast China and the huge external costs associated with fossil fuels, straw-based biomass power plants have emerged as a popular alternative to coal-fired power plants. The sustainability of these green alternatives depends on straw supply from farmers, yet little is known about their perceptions regarding such supply because of a lack of cooperation in...

The article describes the influence of a disease control scheme (the Norfolk-Suffolk Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Disease (BVD) Eradication scheme) on farmers' bio-security attitudes and behaviours. In 2010, a survey of 100 cattle farmers (53 scheme members vs. 47 out of scheme farmers) was undertaken among cattle farmers residing in Norfolk and Suffolk counties in the UK. A cross-sectional independe...

the agricultural sector was affected by climate change more than every other sectors, because it is close to nature. in other words, the effects of climate change were been on the farmers’ livelihood. farmers need to entrepreneurial changes for adaptation to climate change in their livelihood. hence, investigation of farmers’ entrepreneurial behavior in response to climate change was the main p...

The role of middlemen in rural areas is often controversial, particularly because the positive or negative roles they play farmer livelihood. This study aims to understand farmers' perception facilitating their farming system and find out socioeconomic factors that determine what degree farmers attach themselves middlemen. To get this information, we conducted a case survey 92 respondents from ...