Investigating fire effects is a continuing endeavour in the research and practice communities concerned with design safety of shield tunnels. This paper aims to provide comprehensive model for assessment structural tunnel segmental ring exposed fire. A thermo-mechanical assembled structure developed basis holistic analysis by incorporating lining segments longitudinal joints, as well improved p...

People inside a road tunnel may be in grave danger if there is fire. When fire developing, mechanical ventilation can crucial protecting occupants and facilitating the arrival of emergency crews. In this paper, new calculation method that analyze evolution airflow illustrated. An assumed an 800 m long one-way Northern Italy was dealt with using developed method. Subsequently, acquired results w...

We assess the usability of public inquiry report data to build a formal trace that can be used in later stages to create an agent model simulating crisis response coordination. The case taken is a train tunnel fire near the underground train station at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol that turned out to be harmless, but the incident illustrated key weaknesses in inter-organizational coordination caus...

Once a fire occurs in long curve tunnel, the mixing of hot smoke flow and cold air leads to turbulence due curvature’s impact. This phenomenon results greater thermal pressure difference at source substantially temperature field than straight tunnel. The longitudinal flowing along wall loses lot velocity tunnel massive friction. Under same extinguishing conditions, have different requirements f...