in this research, the total torque input and output shafts were subjected to are used to formulate twodifferential equations using applied dynamics and fluid mechanics. the equations show that the input andoutput torques are a function of the constant geometrical parameters of a torque converter, includinginternal and external diameters of vanes, angle and length of vanes, cross section area be...

Computational asymmetry, i.e., the discrepancy between the complexity of transformations and the complexity of their inverses, is at the core of one-way transformations. We introduce a computational asymmetry function that measures the amount of one-wayness of permutations. We also introduce the word-length asymmetry function for groups, which is an algebraic analogue of computational asymmetry...

Automatic symbolic techniques to generate test inputs, for example, through concolic execution, suffer from path explosion: the number of paths to be symbolically solved for grows exponentially with the number of inputs. In many applications though, the inputs can be partitioned into “non-interfering” blocks such that symbolically solving for each input block while keeping all other blocks fixe...

—The use of large wood in stream restoration projects has become increasingly popular in the last 20 years. We reviewed more than 30 case studies from different ecoregions and countries (Canada, Germany, Japan, United States) to evaluate the variety of approaches used and assessed their reported success. Wood inputs generally fell into two categories: fixed structural designs or placements wher...

We present a codeword adaptation algorithm for collaborative multibase wireless systems. The system is modeled with multiple inputs and multiple outputs (MIMO) in which information is transmitted using multicode CDMA, and codewords are adapted based on greedy maximization of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio. The procedure monotonically increases the sum capacity and, when repeated it...

Abstract: The real decentralized fixed mode radius measures how “near” a decentralized LTI system is from having a decentralized fixed mode (DFM) present. In this paper, some properties of the real DFM radius are discussed, a procedure for computing the actual system parametric perturbations that achieve the real DFM radius is presented, and the real DFM radius is extended to deal with structur...

In a conventional or symmetric system, we always have ke = kd. Furthermore, there are two fixed finite sets given: P , the set of plaintexts and C, the set of ciphertexts. In most conventional systems, there is also a fixed set of keys K given, and G takes no inputs, but simply outputs a key chosen uniformly from K. Furthermore, it is often the case that P = C. For instance in Shift Cipher, or ...