High-speed imaging and simulations show that the single-celled organism called Chlamydomonas reinhardtii beats its flagella on separate planes, explaining how it generates helical movement.

Cilia and flagella are among the most ancient cellular organelles, providing motility for primitive eukaryotic cells living in an aqueous environment. During adaptation to life on land, some groups of organisms, including advanced fungi, red algae, cellular slime molds, conifers, and angiosperms, lost the ability to assemble flagella (Raven et al., 1999). The centriole or basal body, which orga...

Interactions between adhesion molecules, agglutinins, on the surfaces of the flagella of mt+ and mt- gametes in Chlamydomonas rapidly generate a sexual signal, mediated by cAMP, that prepares the cells for fusion to form a zygote. The mechanism that couples agglutinin interactions to increased cellular levels of cAMP is unknown. In previous studies on the adenylyl cyclase in flagella of a singl...

The bipolar flagella of the foodborne bacterial pathogen Campylobacter jejuni confer motility, which is essential for virulence. The flagella of C. jejuni are post-translationally modified, but how this process is controlled is not well understood. In this work, we have identified a novel PAS-domain containing regulatory system, which modulates flagella-flagella interactions in C. jejuni. Inact...

Methods were developed for the isolation of Chlamydomonas flagella and for their fractionation into membrane, mastigoneme, "matrix," and axoneme components. Each component was studied by electron microscopy and acrylamide gel electrophoresis. Purified membranes retained their tripartite ultrastructure and were shown to contain one high molecular weight protein band on electrophoresis in sodium ...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, tek bir kutupta birkaç flagellaya sahiptir. Flagella bakterinin katı besi yerine yerleşmelerine yardımcı olur. Sıvı yerindeki hareketleri olan yüzme hareketini de flagella ile gerçekleştirirler. Çalışmada P. aeruginosa ATCC 10145 (NRRL B- 771) ve bu kromozomuna homolog rekombinasyon kopya halinde vgb entegre edilmiş rekombinant kullanılmıştır aeruginosa’da 0,2-0,3 mm’lik...

Abstract Multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) is one major causes male infertility and characterized by multiple defects. In this study, we found that coiled-coil domain-containing 189 (Ccdc189) gene was predominantly expressed in mouse testes inactivation Ccdc189 caused infertility. Histological studies revealed most from Ccdc189-deficient mice carried coiled, curv...

Cilia and flagella are dynamic organelles that are assembled and disassembled during cell differentiation, during stress, and during the cell cycle. Although intraflagellar transport (IFT) is well documented to be responsible for transport of ciliary/flagellar precursors from the cell body to the flagella, little is known about the molecular mechanisms for mobilizing the cell body-localized pre...