New reagents containing high concentrations of urea are developed for micro-titration of calcium and magnesium, with ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (E.D.T.A.) as titrant and Corinth Ca (Plasmocorinth B) as indicator. Magnesium is determined as the difference between calcium plus magnesium and calcium. Quantitative aspects are studied, and accurate titration of untreated serum or urine is bel...

The effect of hydrogen addition to lean counterflow CH4/air premixed flames on the extinction limits and the characteristics of NOx emission was investigated by numerical simulation. The detailed chemistry and complex thermal and transport properties were employed. The results show that the addition of hydrogen can significantly enlarge the flammable region and extend the flammability limit to ...

Multiple field studies have suggested chemistry within a forest canopy is poorly understood due to inadequate detection and quantification of reactive biogenic emissions, such as terpenes. To measure emission rates of terpenes at Blodgett Forest, a coniferous forest in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, we placed enclosures over branches of the dominant species at the site – Ponderosa p...

Luminescence spectroscopy is a vitally important technique for characterising the defects present in diamond. In this paper the two major methods for generating the emission photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence are considered, and the defects responsible for the most significant luminescence bands are discussed in detail. Problems with the donor acceptor pair model, conventionally used to ...

As a high energy density hydrogen-rich carrier, ammonia (NH3) is highly promising carbon-free fuel. The large-scale industrial application of NH3 limited by its low reactivity and nitrogen oxide (NOX) emission. In this work, the flame emission characteristics ammonia/methane (NH3/CH4) non-premixed combustion were investigated under ultrasonic excitation. An experimental system was designed buil...

In this study, the toxicity of combustion gases polycarbonate/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) blends that include aryl phosphates as flame-retardants (FRs) was analyzed according to European railway standard EN 45545-2 (NBS chamber + FTIR). FRs have a significant influence on evolution generated during process. experiment, asphyxiant hydrogen cyanide (HCN) detected at beginning (4 min tes...

The use of flame photometers has greatly simplified and expedited the estimation of sodium and potassium. Calcium is one of the elements which it is possible to determine by flame photometry, but little advantage has been taken of this fact in biological work for a number of reasons. The concentration of calcium in extracellular fluids is usually less than that of potassium ; a given quantity o...

UV absorption in the combustion phase of spark-ignition engines strongly influences laser-induced-fluorescence measurements and flame-emission techniques because of the attenuation of a laser and/or signal light. This absorption was assessed with spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions in an optically accessible research engine. Absorption was measured along a line for different crank-angle...

We compared five ion-selective electrodes (ISEs; AVL 985S, Baxter Lytening 2Z, Beckman EL-ISE, Ciba-Corning 654 Na/K/Li, and Nova CRT 11) and a colorimetric method (Ektachem) for determination of lithium with flame atomic absorption and atomic emission spectroscopy. We evaluated precision, recovery, interference by drugs (procainamide, N-acetylprocainamide, quinidine, lidocaine, carbamazepine, ...