In this study, fuzzy logic was implemented to formulate the fuzziness of layer boundaries for a two-layered clay soil. A field of two-layered clay with fuzzy boundaries between layers was generated, and then the bearing capacity of strip footing on this field was calculated by the assumption of plane-strain conditions. The Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion was used and bearing capacity calculation...

Flexible DC power distribution systems have characteristics such as rapid fault occurrence and fragile electronics. faults usually result in converter blocking (2–5 ms). However, existing protection schemes are susceptible to distributed capacitance, cannot tolerate long communication delays, require artificial boundaries, among other features that make it impossible combine speediness, selecti...

Special districts have been seen as a formalized institution for promoting regional cooperation. They allow boundary design to the scale of public problems and may produce greater efficiency in the marketplace for local public goods. Many scholars also have highlighted the flexibility of special district boundaries once established, arguing that this flexibility allows for governance that is mo...

We present an immersed interface method for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations capable of handling rigid immersed boundaries. The immersed boundary is represented by a set of Lagrangian control points. In order to guarantee that the no-slip condition on the boundary is satisfied, singular forces are applied on the fluid. The forces are related to the jumps in pressure and the jumps in t...

Background Early Intervention in Psychosis Services (EIP) offer a unique service model for people experiencing first episode of psychosis. They are intensive case-management services which adopt an assertive outreach approach, employing flexible boundaries to meet clients the community, and support them towards recovery holistic goals. Current boundary theory is therefore not easily applied thi...

A new technique and an algorithm have been designed which are meant to automatically capture the outlines of fonts. A more flexible class of B! ezier cubic (generalized Hermite cubic) functions are the basis of this technique. This class of functions involves two families of control parameters, to produce more flexible shapes than ordinary Hermite or B! ezier cubics, in each segment. These func...

Global open innovation is not new to many small economies. Innovative firms are open to capabilities available beyond organizational and national boundaries. Cross-border collaboration is flourishing. Regions with strong cluster portfolios become innovation hubs, while regions with no clusters risk stagnation. Universities are critical in helping regions tap into global resources. Open innovati...