Silicon single walled carbon nanotube composite paper was modified by low energy ion implantation using 5i to obtain a flexible composite paper. Raman and FE-SEM results show that structure of SWCNT could be destroyed by the implantation. Electrochemical measurements display that the implanted SI can improve the specific capacity and the reversible capacity of CNT paper. After 50 cycles, the sp...

A decision support system is formulated for a multi-product biorefinery. A structured approach is used for feed, product, and technology selection and capacity design. Uncertainty in ethanol prices is modeled using real-options analysis. The results show prefernece for an incremental capacity design over economies of scale, and selection of a higher costing flexible production platform that can...

Traditionally, electric system operators have dispatched generation to minimize total production costs, assuming a fixed transmission topology within the dispatch horizon. Implementation of smart-grid systems could allow operators to co-optimize transmission topology alongside generator dispatch; the technologies that would enable such co-optimization are still regulated as part of the monopoly...