The aim of this study was to investigate whether intradermal (ID) vaccination against foot-andmouth disease (FMD) is suitable as an alternative for the usually used intramuscular (IM) route. We used vaccines containing a normal or 10-fold dose antigen and compared groups of pigs that were vaccinated ID with either 0.2ml or 4x0.2ml with groups of pigs that were vaccinated IM with a standard 2ml,...

Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) virus is an arthropod-borne rhabdovirus and causing acute febrile illness disease in cattle water buffalo. Foot-and-mouth (FMD) a highly infectious viral of mammals has great potential for severe economic loss susceptible cloven-hoofed animals. FMD BEF vaccines are widely used countries where both diseases seen together. This study was carried out to determine the i...

Lymphoproliferation against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus was examined using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from vaccinated cattle. Ten weeks after revaccination the optimum conditions for proliferation were obtained with 1 microgram/ml of purified virus after 5 to 6 days in culture. This contrasted with the response at 20 months post-revaccination, when the response required less anti...

Traceback systems in most countries of Asia are not well developed, as indicated by responses to a questionnaire by veterinary officials in thirteen countries. Marking of animals for traceback is practised only in a limited number of countries in specific areas or zones and for specific purposes only. In Malaysia, traceback has been undertaken by marking farm code tattoos on pigs. This enables ...

results the pellet of the 146s antigen of fmd virus serotype a was developed at a concentration of sucrose 50%. absorbance rate of the foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes a at wavelengths of 240, 259 and 280 nm was 1.238, 1.573 and 1.157, respectively. moreover, the amount of 146s antigen at the same wavelengths was 163.416, 207.636 and 152.724 μg/ml, respectively. the amount of purified pro...

Abstract Virus-like symptoms on fig tree leaves are a common occurrence worldwide and has mostly been attributed to mosaic disease (FMD). Even though only virus (FMV) shown cause FMD, many other viruses have identified in diseased trees. In 2021, total RNA was extracted from leaf samples displaying of chlorotic mottling subjected high-throughput sequencing (HTS) construct the first virome profi...

Proposed changes to the International Animal Health Code chapter on foot and mouth disease (FMD) reflect both the introduction of new diagnostic tests to identify animals carrying live FMD virus, and pressure to make more acceptable the use of vaccination to help control outbreaks. It is important that those using the Code fully understand the implications of these changes. One of the proposed ...

In 2015, foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus lineage Ind-2001 was detected for the first time in Southeast Asia. This report contains the first near-complete genome sequence of a viral isolate from this lineage collected from an outbreak in Vietnam. This novel incursion has substantial implications for regional FMD control measures.

Potential sources of foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus include semen from bulls, rams, goats and boars; embryos and ova from ruminants and pigs; meat and meat products and milk and milk products. The author discusses precautions to prevent the transmission of FMD via these commodities.

this study was conducted in khorasan-razavi during 23 months (since february 2004 to december 2005). the samples (83 samples) of suspected farms were collected from tongue and mouth epithelium and tested by indirect sandwich elisa and rt-pcr. during the study, twelve foci during the year 2004 and 23 foci during the year 2005 (up to december) were approved. maximum distribution of fmd foci was o...