Previously reported findings on the association between folate intake or serum folate levels and esophageal cancer risk have been inconsistent. This study aims to summarize the evidence regarding these relationships using a dose-response meta-analysis approach. We performed electronic searches of the Pubmed, Medline and Cochrane Library electronic databases to identify studies examining the eff...

Recent clinical trials with lometrexol [(6R)-5,10-dideazatetrahydrofolate] have revealed a level of toxicity in humans that was not predicted on the basis of previous in vivo preclinical studies. Because standard laboratory animal diets contain high levels of folic acid relative to human folate intake, the toxicity and therapeutic activity of lometrexol was studied in mice under conditions of r...

Folate functions in multiple coenzyme forms in acceptance, redox processing and transfer of one-carbon units, including nucleotides and certain amino acids. Folate-requiring metabolic processes are influenced by folate intake, intake of other essential nutrients, including vitamins B-12 and B-6, and at least one common genetic polymorphism. Estimates of folate requirements have been based on in...

BACKGROUND Folic acid supplementation in those with a low vitamin B-12 intake or status may have adverse effects. These effects are unknown with regard to birth outcome in pregnant Indian women who are routinely supplemented with high doses of folic acid. OBJECTIVE The objective was to examine the association of unbalanced vitamin B-12 and total folate (folic acid supplement + dietary folate)...

We assessed folate nutritional status from birth to 12 months in fifty-one infants who were fed human milk (HM; n 20), casein-based formula (CBF; n 12) or soya-based formula (SBF; n 19). Folate contents in ninety-five HM samples obtained from twenty mothers for the first 6-month period and twelve CBF and nineteen SBF samples were measured by bioassay after trienzyme extraction. Folate intake wa...

Migration to the UK is associated with higher incidence of stroke in African populations. A low folate status has been associated with increased risk of stroke, likely to be mediated through raised plasma homocysteine concentrations. We conducted a cross-sectional study to compare blood folate and homocysteine concentrations in eighty healthy Ghanaian migrants living in London matched by sex, a...

Folate turnover involves urinary excretion, fecal excretion, and catabolism that involves cleavage of the C9-N10 bond to yield pterins and para-aminobenzoylglutamate (pABG). Little is known about the relationship between the function of folate pools and their rates of catabolism. We report here an investigation of excretion of urinary pABG and its primary excretory form, para-acetamidobenzoylgl...

BACKGROUND Excessive alcohol consumption is a well-established risk factor for liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previous studies have found that increased alcohol consumption can lead to lower absorption of folate. Conversely, higher folate intake has been inversely associated with liver damage and HCC. In the current study, we investigate the effect of alcohol consumption and ...

BACKGROUND Deficiencies in folate and vitamin B12 have been associated with neurodegenerative disease. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between rates of age-related cognitive change and dietary intakes of folate and vitamin B12. DESIGN Prospective study performed from 1993 to 2002. SETTING Geographically defined biracial community in Chicago, Ill. PARTICIPANTS A total of 3718 reside...

Folate plays an important role in DNA methylation, synthesis, and repair; intake has been associated with breast cancer. The folate-metabolizing enzyme, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is polymorphic at nucleotides 677 (C-->T) and 1298 (A-->C), resulting in allozymes with decreased activity. We evaluated these two common polymorphisms and their effects on the folate intake and breas...