sanctions as a tool to pressure and coercion in promotion of foreign policy goals in mind and its literature has been introduced as one of the most arguable and non-definitive literature on international relations. according to the available space on domestic and international sanctions against iran, this study has tried some of these new approaches and perspectives in relation to the efficienc...

the purpose of this article is to deal with causes and trends of china and latin america foreign policy in hu jintao era. before hu presidency, china had more tendency to promoting relations with the west, but during this period (hu’s era) third world countries like africa and latin america countries gained their precedent positions in china foreign policy. the main question raised here, is “wh...

This publication presents a relation computation or calculus for international relations using a mathematical modeling. It examined trust for international relations and its calculus, which related to Bayesian inference, Dempster-Shafer theory and subjective logic. Based on an observation in the literature, we found no literature discussing the calculus method for the international relations. T...

in an international connection which different factors of legal relation were spread in different countries, bringing of several actions with the same object in different countries court was completely probable. each party with various reasons seeks litigation in a court which provides their interest in better way. however parallel litigation in it he same object impose burdensome charges on li...

the global spread of english, co-occurring with globalization, has generated new views towards some issues in english language teaching, one of which being the place of home culture versus foreign language culture in english language classes. the following study aimed to compare the viewpoint of three groups, i.e. language teachers, language learners and parents regarding the role of home cultu...

as bothepic and history express some stories of the past, their existing similaritiesand dissimilarities and their relation have attracted the attention of scholars.these two kinds of stories have been so similar that previous experts could notdistinguish the historical events from epics. in shāhnāme, as an excellent samplewhich iranians consider as their pre-islamic history until the last qaja...

the present study explored the intensity level of authorial voice in relation to the quality of argumentative writing. 42 undergraduate learners of english as a foreign language (36 girls and 6 boys) spent 45 minutes to individually complete in-class position-taking writing tasks for three weeks. their overall academic writing quality scores assigned based on portfolio assessment were studied i...