Milk curd syndrome or inspissated milk syndrome or milk plug syndrome is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction in neonates [1]. This entity was more commonly encountered before 1980’s, when formula feeds were manufactured by just drying of cow’s milk. Milk curd syndrome after initiation of feeding with unmodified animal milk is extremely rare. We report milk curd syndrome in a neonate who pres...

BACKGROUND The expression of human milk for later use is on the rise. Bottle systems are used to deliver the expressed milk. Research has shown that storage of both human milk and artificial baby milk, or infant formula, leads to a loss of ascorbic acid (commonly called Vitamin C). As milk is removed from the bottle during feeding and replaced by ambient air, it is unknown if loss of ascorbic a...

BACKGROUND Parents who perceive common infant behaviors as formula intolerance-related often switch formulas without consulting a health professional. Up to one-half of formula-fed infants experience a formula change during the first six months of life. METHODS The objective of this study was to assess discontinuance due to study physician-assessed formula intolerance in healthy, term infants...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether breast feeding protects infants against pneumonia and whether the protection varies with age. DESIGN Nested case-control study. SETTING Pelotas, southern Brazil. SUBJECTS Cases were 152 infants aged 28-364 days who had been admitted to hospital for pneumonia. Controls were 2391 cases in a population based case-control study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Odds ratio...

An in vitro method was used to determine the availability of Zn from infant foods containing increasing amounts of phytate, and to quantify the effect of the phytate:Zn molar ratio on the availability. During the in vitro assay, digestive conditions of infants, younger and older than 4 months of age, were carefully simulated since the solubility of phytate-Zn complexes during digestion is pH de...

The recent Deoni et al. (2013) manuscript proposed that breastfeeding was associated with increased cognitive ability and white-matter in older children (over 26 months), using ms-DESPOT MRI imaging to indirectly measure white matter in children who were either breastfed, formula fed, or combined breast+formula fed. In this response, we identify limitations in drawing causal inference among whi...

OBJECTIVE In 1981 the World Health Assembly (WHA) adopted the International Code of Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes (the Code) to support breastfeeding. Despite improving trends, Hong Kong has low rates of breastfeeding compared to other developed countries. METHODS We surveyed companies marketing breast milk substitutes in Hong Kong to determine self-reported adherence to the Code. Comp...

Breast-feeding is the golden standard for infant feeding. However, the majority of a few week old infants are fed with a second choice infant feeding, cow's milk based formula. Amongst the multiple differences between human and cow's milk regards the development of the gastro-intestinal flora: the flora of the breast-fed infant being richer in bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. Both species are k...

There has been a dramatic rise in preterm births in developed countries owing to changes in clinical practices and greater use of assisted reproductive techniques. However, few studies have examined the growth and outcomes of preterm infants according to the type of feeding (with fortified breast milk or formula). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of breast milk feedings and f...

Some animals thrive more satisfactorily on a milk that contains whey and curd protein. For this reason human milk protein (which contains about 40% whey) may have some advantages over cows' milk protein (which contains about 15% whey) and so infants feeding formulae based on demineralised whey in which the protein has been modified to achieve a curd:whey ratio similar to that in human milk may ...