gory of dosage forms for active molecules. Because of their instability in the aqueous environment, PIs cannot be marketed as ready-to-use injectables (1). Instead, they are marketed as dry powders to be reconstituted with a suitable vehicle just before administration. The final form after reconstitution may be either a solution or a suspension (2). Typical molecules in this category include -l...

With the increasing interest in polymers of natural origin, the pharmaceutical world has compliance to use most of them in their formulations. Pharmaceutical formulation development involves various components in addition to the active pharmaceutical ingredients. Nature has provided us a wide variety of materials to help improve and sustain the health of all living things either directly or ind...

In recent years, co-milling of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) with excipients is being investigated as a promising technique to improve desired properties such as solubility and dissolution profiles, bioavailability, aerosolization and physical stability. Traditionally, excipients are simply blended into a drug formulation to improve the manufacturability or product quality, e.g. to i...

Natural excipients can serve as alternative to synthetic products because of local accessibility, biodegradability, eco-friendly nature and cost effectiveness as compared to synthetic products. Therefore, it is a current need to explore natural excipients that can be used as an effective alternative excipient for the formulation of pharmaceutical dosage forms. Adansonia digitata (Malvaceae) has...

Fast dissolving tablets are solid unit dosage forms that dissolve or disintegrate quickly in the mouth without using water. To provide this type of character a form, different excipients required. Superdisintegrants class novel agents have emerged recent years. Improving drug bioavailability pharmaceutical field is challenge. The inclusion superdisintegrants formulation enhances formulation's e...

In accordance with the International Pharmaceutical Excipients Council (IPEC), excipients are any component used during production procedure or included in a finished medicinal formulation but which is not an active ingredient prodrug. The USP-NF defines Forty different types of additives for usage medicines. Another classes, organoleptic compliance, gives medicines flavor and color. Medicine m...

Abstract Levetiracetam as an Anti-epileptic drug with exclusive mechanism of action is accepted by the USA Food and Drug Administration as an adjunctive therapy in treating epilepsy in young adults. The purpose of this project is the design and formulation of prolonged release of levetiracetam using two types of retarding agent such as Hydroxyl Propyl Methylcellulose (HPMC K4...

The study is aimed to assess the compatibility of bilberry leaf powder extract (BLPE) with six excipients selected for sustained-release (SR) tablet formulation. BLPE was obtained addition L-arginine and Myo-inositol as carriers. Thermogravimetric (TG-DTG) analysis Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), supported by Pearson correlation analysis, were applied detect possible interaction...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of a range of commercially available tea tree oil (TTO) products and to evaluate whether formulation plays a significant part in their antiseptic activity. METHODS The antimicrobial activity of the purchased products and control TTO solutions was assessed against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella ...

Piroxicam is a poorly soluble, highly permeable drug and is characterized by a slow and gradual absorption via the oral route and this causes a delayed onset of therapeutic effect. Thus, plain piroxicam preparations are not indicated for analgesia. The results of the in vivo study revealed that the GL dosage form would be advantageous with regards to rapid onset of action, especially in various...