We consider the dynamics of a stochastic cobweb model with linear demand and a backwardbending supply curve. In our model, forward-looking expectations and backward-looking ones are assumed, in fact we assume that the representative agent chooses the backward predictor with probability q , 0 q 1, and the forward predictor with probability 1 − q , so that the expected price at time t is a random...

Rule-based software development environments (RBDEs) model the software development process in terms of rules that encapsulate development activities, and assist in executing the process via forward and backward chaining over the rule base. We investigate the scaling up of RBDEs to support (1) multiple views of the rule base for multiple users and (2) evolution of the rule base over the lifetim...

in this paper, a new method is introduced for improving the efficiency of the residue number system, which uses both binary and residue representations in order to represent a number. a residue number system uses the remainder of the division in several different modules. conversion of a number to smaller ones and carrying out parallel calculations on these numbers greatly increase the speed of...

Planning by forward chaining through the world space has long been dismissed as being “obviously” infeasible. Nevertheless, this approach to planning has many advantages. Most importantly forward chaining planners maintain complete descriptions of the intermediate states that arise during the course of the plan’s execution. These states can be utilized to provide highly effective search control...

We present a scalable fully-automated forward-chaining planner capable of reasoning with PDDL+ events and linear processes. Processes and events model (respectively) continuous and discrete exogenous activity in the environment, occurring when certain conditions hold. We discuss the significant challenges posed in creating a planner that can reason with these, and present novel state-progressio...

Abductive reasoning (or explanation) is basically a backward-chaining process on a collection of causal rules. When given an observed event, we attempt to determine the set of causes which brought about this event. Cost-based abduction is a model for abductive reasoning which provides a concrete formulation of the explanation process. However, it restricts itself to acyclic causal knowledge bas...

Abductive reasoning (or explanation) is basically a backward-chaining process on a collection of causal rules. When given an observed event, we attempt to determine the set of causes which brought about this event. Cost-based abduction is a model for abductive reasoning which provides a concrete formulation of the explanation process. However, it restricts itself to acyclic causal knowledge bas...

We present a family of dialectic proof procedures for the admissibility semantics of assumption-based argumentation. These proof procedures are defined for any conventional logic formulated as a collection of inference rules and show how any such logic can be extended to a dialectic argumentation system. The proof procedures find a set of assumptions, to defend a given belief, by starting from ...

The PRODIGY system is based on bidirectional planning, which is a combination of goal-directed backward chaining with simulation of plan execution. Experiments have demonstrated that it is an efficient technique, a fair match to other successful planning systems. The question of completeness of bidirectional planning, however, has remained unanswered. We show that PRODIGY is not complete and di...

BACKGROUND Temporal sequence represents the main principle underlying episodic memory. The storage of temporal sequence information is thought to involve hippocampus-dependent memory systems, preserving temporal structure possibly via chaining of sequence elements in heteroassociative networks. Converging evidence indicates that sleep enhances the consolidation of recently acquired representati...