introduction: it has been found that the decision-making process in medicine is affected, to a large extent, by one’s experience, individual mentality, previous models, and common habitual approaches, in addition to scientific principles. evidence-based medicine is an approach attempting to reinforce scientific, systematic and critical thinking in physicians and provide the ground for optimal d...

July/August 2002 ■ www.aafp.org / fpm ■ F A M I L Y P R A C T I C E M A N A G E M E N T ■ 41 Medical errors are a lot like people: It’s the quiet ones you have to look out for. While some medical errors are overt, dramatic and immediately harmful, such as wrong-limb amputations, the vast majority of medical errors are more subtle. Though seemingly innocuous, these errors can have a “trickle eff...

Participatory design amalgamates the expertise of interdisciplinary specialists with the taskspecific expertise of end-users. Groupware design is widely recognised as benefiting from participative approaches. Recognition of this ideal, however, does not preclude the failure of groupware design due to poor communication and inadequate understanding between participants. We provide a grounding in...

Despite tendencies to compete for a prime place in moral theory, neither virtue ethics nor the four principles approach should claim to be superior to, or logically prior to, the other. Together they provide a more adequate account of the moral life than either can offer on its own. The virtues of principlism are clarity, simplicity and (to some extent) universality. These are well illustrated ...

the literary approach to quranic interpretations is founded on words, morphology, syntax and rhetoric. however, contemporary literary school, in addition to these principles, takes into account other principles like authenticating solely the literary understanding. comparing sayyid murtazā's literary approach with the principles and ideas of sheikh tusi in al-tibyan reveals various aspects...

This paper explains the benefits model developed and deployed by the connecting South West Ontario (cSWO) program. The cSWO approach is founded on the principles of enabling clinical and organizational value and the recognition that enabling requires a collaborative approach that can include several perspectives. We describe our approach which is aimed at creating a four-part harmony between ch...

Poor design criteria are responsible for wasting computer users time and are a hindrance to effective interaction with human centred systems. It is important that before any design of an interface is attempted an in-depth analysis of task and user needs must be undertaken. Questions need to be asked such as “What takes place during interaction between the user and the interface?” “Does the inte...

Occupational therapists play a significant role in the discharge process and are often exposed to ethically challenging decision-making. This paper examines the moral basis of discharge planning, relating it to the four fundamental bio-ethical principles of respect for autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice. Using a case study design, data was collected from 10 occupational therapis...

This article reviews four important screening principles applicable to screening mammography in order to facilitate informed choice. The first principle is that screening may help, hurt, or have no effect. In order to reduce mortality and mastectomy rates, screening must reduce the rate of advanced disease, which likely has not happened. Through overdiagnosis, screening produces substantial har...

Despite its undoubted success, Requirements Engineering (RE) needs a better alignment between its research focus and its grounding in practical needs as these needs have changed significantly recently. We explore changes in the environment, targets, and the process of requirements engineering (RE) that influence the nature of fundamental RE questions. Based on these explorations we propose four...