The frequency response masking technique is an e cient method to realize sharp 1-D lters. This technique can synthesize sharp 1-D lters with a considerably lower complexity when compared to direct-form implementations. In this paper, we extend the frequency response masking technique to the design of 2-D diamond-shaped lters. The design procedure as well as the prototype and masking lters speci...

We previously reported that fast-moving dot arrays cause orientation-tuned masking of static gratings (D. Apthorp, J. Cass, & D. Alais, 2010), which we attribute to "motion streaks." Using similar "streaky" dot motion, we describe spatial frequency tuning of grating threshold elevations caused by masking (Experiment 1) and adaptation (Experiment 2) to motion. To compare the streaks with psychop...

The time-frequency masking approach in blind speech extraction consists of two main steps: feature clustering in a space spanned over delay-time and attenuation rate, and spectrogram masking in order to reconstruct the sources. Usually a binary mask is generated under the strong W-disjoint orthogonal (WDO) assumption (disjoint orthogonal representations in the frequency domain). In practice, th...

The effects of combining two equally effective maskers were studied in normally hearing and elderly hearing-impaired subjects. The additivity of nonsimultaneous masking was investigated by measuring thresholds for a brief 4-kHz signal in the presence of a broadband-noise forward masker, a backward masker, and a combination of both. For the normally hearing subjects, combining two equally effect...

In humans, masking by harmonic complexes is dependent not only on the frequency content of the masker, but also its phase spectrum. Complexes that have highly modulated temporal waveforms due to the selection of their component phases usually provide less masking than those with flatter temporal envelopes. Moreover, harmonic complexes that are created with negative Schroeder phases (component p...

Identification of target speech was studied under masked conditions consisting of two or four independent speech maskers. In the reference conditions, the maskers were colocated with the target, the masker talkers were the same sex as the target, and the masker speech was intelligible. The comparison conditions, intended to provide release from masking, included different-sex target and masker ...

A number of masking phenomena can be modeled in terms of a linear auditory filter bank followed by a temporal integrator and a simple decision device based on the signal-to-masker ratio. Other aspects require the inclusion of a nonlinearity following linear filtering. The present article concentrates on aspects of non-simultaneous, or “temporal”, masking that cannot be explained by either model...

This paper addresses the issue of masking of noise in voiced speech. First, we examine the audibility of cyclostationary narrow-band noise bursts added to voiced speech generated by synthetic excitation. Varying the temporal location of noise within a pitch cycle corresponds to varying its phase spectrum. Using this fact, we found that a change of phase of the noise in the high frequency region...

A suprathreshold sinewave grating can change the amplitude of the steady-state visual evoked potential (VEP) in response to a test grating if the two are close in spatial frequency (SF). The change in amplitude provides clues to underlying pattern analyzers. Masking was measured in 12 observers using the steady-state VEP. As a test grating reversed at 7 Hz, a masker of similar temporal frequenc...